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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.3

CVE-2025-10148 json

predictable WebSocket mask

published 2025-09-12 13 mo ago modified 2026-10-19 20 d ago also EUVD-2025-29013 , GHSA-cxvq-c3r3-8gwq , JLSEC-2026-423

cvss
5.3
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 44%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

curl's WebSocket code did not update the 32-bit mask pattern for each new outgoing frame as the specification says. Instead it used a fixed mask that persisted and was used throughout the entire connection.

A predictable mask pattern allows for a malicious server to induce traffic between the two communicating parties that could be interpreted by an involved proxy (configured or transparent) as genuine, real, HTTP traffic with content and thereby poison its cache. That cached poisoned content could then be served to all users of that proxy.

Patch / fix

  • julia CURL_jll 8.16.0+0
  • julia LibCURL_jll 8.16.0+0
  • curl curl 8.14.2, 8.16.0
  • curl Debian 12 7.88.1-10+deb12u15
  • curl Debian 13 8.14.1-2+deb13u1
  • curl Debian 14 8.16.0-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-10148

  • curl Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 8.5.0-2ubuntu10.7
  • curl Ubuntu 25.10 8.14.1-2ubuntu1.1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-10148

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • curl hummingbird 1 8.19.0-3.hum1
  • libcurl hummingbird 1 8.19.0-3.hum1
  • libcurl-minimal hummingbird 1 8.19.0-3.hum1

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:6893

  • curl SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 8.14.1-160000.3.1
  • curl-mini SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 8.14.1-160000.3.1
  • curl Linux Micro 6.1 8.14.1-slfo.1.1_2.1
  • curl Linux Micro 6.0 8.14.1-1.1
  • curl SLES for SAP 15 SP3, SLES 15 SP3-LTSS, SLE Micro 5.2 +3 more 8.14.1-150200.4.91.1
  • brotli SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES for SAP 15 SP3 +19 more 1.0.7-150200.3.5.1
  • curl SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP5-LTSS, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS +11 more 8.14.1-150400.5.69.1
  • curl SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 8.14.1-150600.4.28.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:21077-1SUSE-SU-2025:21145-1SUSE-SU-2025:20802-1SUSE-SU-2025:20824-1SUSE-SU-2025:03268-1SUSE-SU-2025:03267-1

  • curl openSUSE Leap 16.0 8.14.1-160000.3.1
  • curl openSUSE Tumbleweed 8.16.0-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:20090-1openSUSE-SU-2025:15590-1

  • curl Alpine 3.22, Alpine 3.21, Alpine 3.20 +1 more 8.14.1-r2
  • curl Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23 8.16.0-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-10148

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • curl Azure Linux 3.0 8.11.1-4
  • curl CBL-Mariner 2.0 8.8.0-7
  • cmake Azure Linux 3.0 3.30.3-10

azure linux advisories AZL-67082AZL-67272AZL-67290

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-10148 updated cvss 4.8

curl: predictable WebSocket mask

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 curl Red Hat JBoss Core Services curl
    affected: workaround, no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Hardened Images curl 8.19.0-3.hum1, libcurl 8.19.0-3.hum1, libcurl-minimal 8.19.0-3.hum1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:6893
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 curl, libcurl Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 curl, libcurl Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 curl, libcurl, libcurl-minimal Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 curl, libcurl, curl-minimal, libcurl-minimal Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8, openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9 Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces devspaces/code-rhel9
    +1 more products
    Red Hat Trusted Profile Analyzer rhtpa/rhtpa-trustification-service-rhel9
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

cisa ICSA-26-043-03 updated cvss 5.3

Siemens COMOS

  • Siemens COMOS V10.4.5 < 10.4.5.0.2
    affected: vendor fix
  • Siemens COMOS V10.6 < 10.6.1
    affected: fixed in V10.6.1 support.sw.siemens.com

Facts from CISA's republication of the vendor's own advisory (CSAF); the linked advisory is the authoritative source. CISA notification · csaf

cisa ICSA-26-043-06 updated cvss 5.3

Siemens SINEC OS

  • Siemens RUGGEDCOM RST2428P (6GK6242-6PA00) < 3.3
    affected: fixed in V3.3 support.industry.siemens.com
  • Siemens SCALANCE XC-300/XR-300/XC-400/XR-500WG/XR-500 family < 3.3
    affected: fixed in V3.3
  • Siemens SCALANCE XCH328 (6GK5328-4TS01-2EC2) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XCM324 (6GK5324-8TS01-2AC2) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XCM328 (6GK5328-4TS01-2AC2) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XCM332 (6GK5332-0GA01-2AC2) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRH334 (24 V DC, 8xFO, CC) (6GK5334-2TS01-2ER3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-4AR3) < 3.3
    +8 more products
    Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-4AR3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) (6GK5334-5TS01-4AR3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-2AR3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (24 V DC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-2AR3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (24V DC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) (6GK5334-5TS01-2AR3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-3AR3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (230 V AC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-3AR3) < 3.3 Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 (230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) (6GK5334-5TS01-3AR3) < 3.3
    affected: fixed in V3.3 support.industry.siemens.com

Facts from CISA's republication of the vendor's own advisory (CSAF); the linked advisory is the authoritative source. CISA notification · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
13 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.52% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 44% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CISA ADP 3.1 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
CNA 3.1 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
OSV 3.1 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
julia CURL_jll
>=8.11.0+0, <8.16.0+0
8.16.0+0
julia LibCURL_jll
>=8.11.0+0, <8.16.0+0
8.16.0+0

Affected products

  • curl curl

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-340 Generation of Predictable Numbers or Identifiers

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.