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Fencer Vulns
medium 6.5

CVE-2025-14178 json

Heap buffer overflow in array_merge()

published 2025-12-18 10 mo ago modified 2026-10-13 26 d ago also BIT-libphp-2025-14178 , BIT-php-2025-14178 , BIT-php-min-2025-14178 , EUVD-2025-205485 , GHSA-h96m-rvf9-jgm2

cvss
6.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 39%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

In PHP versions:8.1.* before 8.1.34, 8.2.* before 8.2.30, 8.3.* before 8.3.29, 8.4.* before 8.4.16, 8.5.* before 8.5.1, a heap buffer overflow occurs in array_merge() when the total element count of packed arrays exceeds 32-bit limits or HT_MAX_SIZE, due to an integer overflow in the precomputation of element counts using zend_hash_num_elements(). This may lead to memory corruption or crashes and affect the integrity and availability of the target server.

Patch / fix

  • bitnami libphp 8.1.34, 8.2.30, 8.3.29, 8.4.16, 8.5.1
  • bitnami php 8.1.34, 8.2.30, 8.3.29, 8.4.16, 8.5.1
  • bitnami php-min 8.1.34, 8.2.30, 8.3.29, 8.4.16, 8.5.1
  • PHP Group PHP 8.1.34, 8.2.30, 8.3.29, 8.4.16, 8.5.1
  • php8.2 Debian 12 8.2.30-1~deb12u1
  • php8.4 Debian 13 8.4.16-1~deb13u1
  • php8.4 Debian 14 8.4.16-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-14178

  • php8.1 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 8.1.2-1ubuntu2.23
  • php8.3 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 8.3.6-0ubuntu0.24.04.6
  • php8.4 Ubuntu 25.10 8.4.11-1ubuntu1.1
  • php7.2 Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 7.2.24-0ubuntu0.18.04.17+esm12
  • php7.4 Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 7.4.3-4ubuntu2.29+esm3

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-14178

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • php hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1
  • php-gd hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1
  • php-cli hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1
  • php-dba hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1
  • php-dbg hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1
  • php-ffi hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1
  • php-fpm hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1
  • php-gmp hummingbird 1 8.5.5-1.1.hum1

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:7614RHSA-2026:4517RHSA-2026:4514RHSA-2026:4507RHSA-2026:4266RHSA-2026:4212

  • php8 SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8-fpm SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8-embed SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8-fastcgi SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • apache2-mod_php8 SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php7 SLES for SAP 15 SP6, SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES for SAP 15 SP4 +8 more 7.4.33-150400.4.55.1
  • php7-fpm SLES for SAP 15 SP6, SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES for SAP 15 SP4 +7 more 7.4.33-150400.4.55.1
  • php7-test SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP7, openSUSE Leap 15.6 7.4.33-150400.4.55.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:20146-1SUSE-SU-2026:0245-1SUSE-SU-2026:0086-1SUSE-SU-2026:0071-1

  • php8 openSUSE Leap 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8-fpm openSUSE Leap 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8-test openSUSE Leap 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8-embed openSUSE Leap 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8-fastcgi openSUSE Leap 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • apache2-mod_php8 openSUSE Leap 16.0 8.4.16-160000.1.1
  • php8 openSUSE Tumbleweed 8.4.16-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:20113-1openSUSE-SU-2025:15837-1

  • php AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • php-gd AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • php-cli AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • php-dba AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • php-dbg AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • php-ffi AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • php-fpm AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • php-gmp AlmaLinux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7

almalinux advisories ALSA-2026:2799ALSA-2026:2470ALSA-2026:1628ALSA-2026:1409ALSA-2026:1412ALSA-2026:1429

  • php Rocky Linux 9 8.0.30-5.el9_7
  • libzip Rocky Linux 8 1.6.1-1.module+el8.10.0+1912+72767185
  • php-pear Rocky Linux 8 1:1.10.13-1.module+el8.10.0+1912+72767185
  • php-pear Rocky Linux 8 1:1.10.13-1.module+el8.10.0+1605+02e07af7
  • php-pecl-rrd Rocky Linux 8 2.0.1-1.module+el8.4.0+414+2e7afcdd
  • php-pecl-rrd Rocky Linux 8 2.0.1-1.module+el8.10.0+1912+72767185
  • php-pecl-zip Rocky Linux 8 1.18.2-1.module+el8.10.0+1912+72767185
  • php-pecl-apcu Rocky Linux 8 5.1.18-1.module+el8.10.0+1912+72767185

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2026:2799RLSA-2026:2470RLSA-2026:1628RLSA-2026:1409RLSA-2026:1429RLSA-2026:1412

  • php81 Alpine 3.19 8.1.34-r0
  • php82 Alpine 3.22 8.2.30-r0
  • php83 Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23, Alpine 3.22 8.3.29-r0
  • php84 Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23, Alpine 3.22 8.4.16-r0
  • php85 Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23 8.5.1-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-14178

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • php Azure Linux 3.0 8.3.29-1
  • php CBL-Mariner 2.0 8.1.34-1

azure linux advisories AZL-73198AZL-73237

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-14178 updated cvss 6.5

php: heap-based buffer overflow in array_merge()

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) php 7.4.33-3.module+el8.10.0+23902+d3c8dd8f, php 8.2.30-1.module+el8.10.0+23848+33d54484, libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.10.0+22485+a3539972, libzip 1.7.3-1.module+el8.10.0+20770+a5eca186, php-gd 7.4.33-3.module+el8.10.0+23902+d3c8dd8f, php-gd 8.2.30-1.module+el8.10.0+23848+33d54484, +60 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:2470
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) php 8.0.30-5.el9_7, php-gd 8.0.30-5.el9_7, php-cli 8.0.30-5.el9_7, php-dba 8.0.30-5.el9_7, php-dbg 8.0.30-5.el9_7, php-ffi 8.0.30-5.el9_7, +77 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1409
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) php 8.3.29-1.el10_1, php-gd 8.3.29-1.el10_1, php-cli 8.3.29-1.el10_1, php-dba 8.3.29-1.el10_1, php-dbg 8.3.29-1.el10_1, php-ffi 8.3.29-1.el10_1, +18 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1628
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-gd 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-cli 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-dba 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-dbg 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4507
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, php-gd 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, apcu-panel 5.1.18-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php-cli 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, php-dba 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, +28 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6) libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, php-gd 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, apcu-panel 5.1.18-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php-cli 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, php-dba 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4517
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, php-gd 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, apcu-panel 5.1.18-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php-cli 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, php-dba 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4514
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) php 8.0.13-2.el9_0.1, php-gd 8.0.13-2.el9_0.1, php-cli 8.0.13-2.el9_0.1, php-dba 8.0.13-2.el9_0.1, php-dbg 8.0.13-2.el9_0.1, php-ffi 8.0.13-2.el9_0.1, +18 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4212
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) php 8.0.30-1.el9_2.1, php-gd 8.0.30-1.el9_2.1, php-cli 8.0.30-1.el9_2.1, php-dba 8.0.30-1.el9_2.1, php-dbg 8.0.30-1.el9_2.1, php-ffi 8.0.30-1.el9_2.1, +18 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4266
show 10 more
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0) php 8.3.19-1.el10_0.1, php-gd 8.3.19-1.el10_0.1, php-cli 8.3.19-1.el10_0.1, php-dba 8.3.19-1.el10_0.1, php-dbg 8.3.19-1.el10_0.1, php-ffi 8.3.19-1.el10_0.1, +18 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1185
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) php 8.0.30-1.el9_4.1, php-gd 8.0.30-1.el9_4.1, php-cli 8.0.30-1.el9_4.1, php-dba 8.0.30-1.el9_4.1, php-dbg 8.0.30-1.el9_4.1, php-ffi 8.0.30-1.el9_4.1, +47 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1169
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) php 8.0.30-3.el9_6.1, php-gd 8.0.30-3.el9_6.1, php-cli 8.0.30-3.el9_6.1, php-dba 8.0.30-3.el9_6.1, php-dbg 8.0.30-3.el9_6.1, php-ffi 8.0.30-3.el9_6.1, +77 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1187
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-gd 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-cli 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-dba 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, php-dbg 7.4.6-5.module+el8.4.0+24050+df93a449.2, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4507
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6) libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, php-gd 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, apcu-panel 5.1.18-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php-cli 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, php-dba 7.4.19-4.module+el8.6.0+24049+97f8f81c.2, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4517
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) libzip 1.6.1-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, php-gd 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, apcu-panel 5.1.18-1.module+el8.3.0+6678+b09f589e, php-cli 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, php-dba 7.4.33-1.module+el8.8.0+24048+c1e4778e.1, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4514
  • Red Hat Hardened Images php 8.5.5-1.1.hum1, php-gd 8.5.5-1.1.hum1, php-cli 8.5.5-1.1.hum1, php-dba 8.5.5-1.1.hum1, php-dbg 8.5.5-1.1.hum1, php-ffi 8.5.5-1.1.hum1, +21 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7614
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 php, php-gd, php-cli, php-dba, php-fpm, php-pdo, +20 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 php, php-gd, php-cli, php-dba, php-fpm, php-pdo, +18 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 php8.4
    not affected: vulnerable code not present
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) rhoai/odh-workbench-codeserver-datascience-cpu-py312-rhel9
    not affected: component not present
  • Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces devspaces/code-rhel9, devspaces-tech-preview/idea-rhel9
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
10 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.46% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 39% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 6.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
NVD 3.1 8.2 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
OSV 3.1 8.2 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
bitnami libphp
<8.1.34
>=8.2.0, <8.2.30
>=8.3.0, <8.3.29
>=8.4.0, <8.4.16
>=8.5.0, <8.5.1
8.1.34
8.2.30
8.3.29
8.4.16
8.5.1
bitnami php
<8.1.34
>=8.2.0, <8.2.30
>=8.3.0, <8.3.29
>=8.4.0, <8.4.16
>=8.5.0, <8.5.1
8.1.34
8.2.30
8.3.29
8.4.16
8.5.1
bitnami php-min
<8.1.34
>=8.2.0, <8.2.30
>=8.3.0, <8.3.29
>=8.4.0, <8.4.16
>=8.5.0, <8.5.1
8.1.34
8.2.30
8.3.29
8.4.16
8.5.1

Affected products

  • PHP Group PHP

Classification

Weakness
Technology feeds

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

The maintainers of php/php-src published their own advisory on GitHub. Reviewed sources take precedence over it.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.