CVE-2018-18689 json
The Portable Document Format (PDF) specification does not provide any information regarding the concrete procedure of how to validate signa…
published 2021-01-07 5 y ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2018-10405
- cvss
- 5.3
- version 3.1, NVD
- cisa kev
- Not listed
- not in CISA's catalog
- epss
- 3.6%
- EPSS 3.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 89%
- public exploits
- 0
- none known
Summary
The Portable Document Format (PDF) specification does not provide any information regarding the concrete procedure of how to validate signatures. Consequently, a Signature Wrapping vulnerability exists in multiple products. An attacker can use /ByteRange and xref manipulations that are not detected by the signature-validation logic. This affects Foxit Reader before 9.4 and PhantomPDF before 8.3.9 and 9.x before 9.4. It also affects eXpert PDF 12 Ultimate, Expert PDF Reader, Nitro Pro, Nitro Reader, PDF Architect 6, PDF Editor 6 Pro, PDF Experte 9 Ultimate, PDFelement6 Pro, PDF Studio Viewer 2018, PDF Studio Pro, PDF-XChange Editor and Viewer, Perfect PDF 10 Premium, Perfect PDF Reader, Soda PDF, and Soda PDF Desktop.
Exploit prediction
3.63% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 89% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).
CVSS scores
| assigned by | version | score | vector |
|---|---|---|---|
| NVD | 3.1 | 5.3 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N |
| NVD | 2.0 | 5.0 | AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N |
Classification
- Weakness
-
- CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
References
-
foxitsoftware.com
/support/security-bulletins.php
vendor-advisory
-
pdf-insecurity.org
/signature/evaluation_2018.html
third-party-advisory
-
pdf-insecurity.org
/signature/signature.html
third-party-advisory
-
pdfa.org
/recently-identified-pdf-digital-signature-vulnerabilities/
third-party-advisory
Sources
- CVE List CVE-2018-18689
- NVD CVE-2018-18689
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