Ruflo: Unauthenticated RCE in MCP bridge default docker-compose deployment

published 2026-07-09 4 mo ago modified 2026-10-25 15 d ago also EUVD-2026-42656

cvss: 10.0; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 3.0%; EPSS 3.0% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 87%
public exploits: 0; none known, plus a Nuclei check

Ruflo is an agent meta-harness for Claude Code and Codex. Prior to 3.16.3, ruflo's default docker-compose deployment exposed the MCP bridge POST /mcp and POST /mcp/:group endpoints without authentication, allowing an unauthenticated network attacker to invoke tools/call to terminal_execute, obtain a shell in the bridge container, read provider API keys, and poison AgentDB learning-store patterns. This issue is fixed in version 3.16.3.

Patch / fix

links 3

github.com/ruvnet/ruflo@d00a0a4 commit
github.com/ruvnet/ruflo#2521 pull request
github.com/ruvnet/ruflo/releases/tag/v3.16.3 release

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total
Assessed: 4 mo ago (2026-07-09)

Exploit prediction

3.02% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 87% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

Nuclei template ruflo MCP Bridge - Unauthenticated RCE via terminal_execute nuclei detection template

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	3.1	10.0	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

ruvnet ruflo

Classification

Weakness

CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality
CWE-942 Permissive Cross-domain Security Policy with Untrusted Domains

References

Sources

CVE List CVE-2026-59726
NVD CVE-2026-59726

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary