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Fencer Vulns
medium 6.3

CVE-2026-55223 json

c3p0 exposes a deserialization "sink" via JDBC DataSource bean properties

published 2026-06-30 4 mo ago modified 2026-10-25 14 d ago also EUVD-2026-40847 , GHSA-w6w4-rjh9-9r58

cvss
6.3
version 4.0, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 41%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

c3p0 is a JDBC Connection pooling library. In versions prior to 0.14.0, c3p0 in combination with other libraries, can compose to a "sink" for deserialization gadgets. The JDBC spec's DataSource.getConnection() and ConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection() match the getXXX() form, so JavaBean libraries treat them as "properties" assumed safe while they actually call into JDBC drivers. Attackers can thus craft malicious DataSource objects whose property lookups invoke vulnerable drivers, then smuggle them in serialized form to where an application deserializes and auto-resolves bean properties — triggering the attack. This requires a susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource and JDBC driver on the CLASSPATH, plus a carrier that auto-looks-up JavaBean properties on = deserialization, most commonly a collection paired with an Apache commons-beanutils Comparator that sorts by bean properties. c3p0 supplied that susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource, which was an essential component of the trigger. This issue has been fixed in version 0.14.0.

Patch / fix

  • maven com.mchange:c3p0 0.14.0
  • com.mchange c3p0 0.14.0
  • mchange c3p0 0.14.0
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-9+deb8u1ubuntu0.16.04.1~esm2
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-9+deb8u1ubuntu0.18.04.1+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu0.20.04.1+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 22.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu1+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 24.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu2+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 26.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-11ubuntu0.1~esm1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2026-55223

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • c3p0 openSUSE Tumbleweed 0.14.1-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:11166-1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-55223 updated cvss 7.5

c3p0: c3p0: Remote code execution via deserialization vulnerability

  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 c3p0 0.12.0.redhat-00004
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat Fuse 7 c3p0 0.12.0.redhat-00004
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.18.3 for Spring Boot 3.5.16
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:54622
  • Red Hat Build of Debezium 3.6
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:83612
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack c3p0 0.12.0.redhat-00004 Red Hat Satellite 6 candlepin, candlepin-selinux
    not affected: component not present
  • Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 2 c3p0 0.12.0.redhat-00004
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
4 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.48% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 41% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 6.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 4.0 6.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven com.mchange:c3p0
<0.14.0
0.14.0

Affected products

  • swaldman c3p0

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  • CWE-915 Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.