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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2026-49485 json

HAPI FHIR: ReDoS via FHIRPath matches()/replaceMatches() in FHIR Validator HTTP Endpoint

published 2026-07-09 4 mo ago modified 2026-10-24 15 d ago also EUVD-2026-45338 , GHSA-7cmj-v6x8-frvv

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.7%
EPSS 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 52%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to 6.9.9 and 6.9.4.2, all implementations of FHIRPathEngine accept arbitrary FHIRPath expressions and evaluate them without input validation, and the FHIRPath functions matches(), matchesFull(), and replaceMatches() pass user-controlled regular expressions to Java's Pattern.compile() and String.replaceAll() through an incomplete timeout utility. An attacker can send a resource containing an evil regex pattern that causes catastrophic backtracking, exhausting CPU resources and causing denial of service in the FHIR Validator HTTP endpoint and affected org.hl7.fhir.* modules. This issue is fixed in versions 6.9.9 and 6.9.4.2.

Patch / fix

  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.dstu2 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.dstu3 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.r4 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.r4b 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.r5 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.validation 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.validation.cli 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • ca.uhn.hapi.fhir org.hl7.fhir.utilities 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9
  • hapifhir hl7_fhir_core 6.9.4.2, 6.9.9

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-49485 updated cvss 7.5

ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.dstu2: ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may: ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.dstu3: ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.r4: ca.uhn.hapi.fhir/org.hl7.fhir.r4b: ca.uhn.hapi.fh

  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 org.hl7.fhir.r4 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.r5 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.dstu2 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.dstu3 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may 6.9.12
    affected: no fix available
  • Red Hat Fuse 7 org.hl7.fhir.r4 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.r5 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.dstu2 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.dstu3 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may 6.9.12, org.hl7.fhir.validation 4.2.0.redhat-00001, +1 more
    affected: no fix available “Fix deferred”

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
3 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.68% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 52% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
GitHub 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.dstu2
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.dstu3
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.r4
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.r4b
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.r5
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.validation
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2
maven ca.uhn.hapi.fhir:org.hl7.fhir.validation.cli
>=6.9.5, <6.9.9
<6.9.4.2
6.9.9
6.9.4.2

Affected products

  • hapifhir org.hl7.fhir.core

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-1333 Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  • CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.