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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2026-48712 json

protobufjs: Denial of service through unbounded Any expansion during JSON conversion

published 2026-06-15 4 mo ago modified 2026-10-25 14 d ago also GHSA-wcpc-wj8m-hjx6 , EUVD-2026-38306

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 40%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.6.1 and 8.4.1, protobufjs could recurse without a depth limit while converting decoded messages to plain objects or JSON. This affected generated toObject() conversion and the custom google.protobuf.Any JSON conversion path. A crafted protobuf binary payload containing deeply nested Any values could cause the JavaScript call stack to be exhausted during conversion to JSON. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.6.1 and 8.4.1.

Patch / fix

  • npm protobufjs 7.6.1, 8.4.1
  • protobufjs_project protobufjs 7.6.1, 8.4.1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-48712 updated cvss 7.5

protobufjs: protobufjs: Denial of Service via uncontrolled recursion with crafted protobuf payload

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 rhelai3/bootc-cuda-rhel9, rhelai3/bootc-rocm-rhel9, rhelai3/bootc-gaudi-rhel9, rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9
    affected: workaround, no fix available, no fix planned “No specific mitigation required for unaffected runtime paths.”
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 5 openshift5/ose-console-rhel9
    affected: workaround, no fix available “No specific mitigation required for unaffected runtime paths.”
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 1785972843
    fixed: vendor fix “No specific mitigation required for unaffected runtime paths.” RHSA-2026:52768
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 rhoai/odh-dashboard-rhel9 1787347991, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-maas-rhel9 1787251250, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-automl-rhel9 1787250508, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-gen-ai-rhel9 1786611759, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-mlflow-rhel9 1786612219, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-autorag-rhel9 1787251550, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “No specific mitigation required for unaffected runtime paths.” RHSA-2026:60520
  • Red Hat Cryostat 4 grafana-infinity-datasource-npm Red Hat OpenShift Pipelines openshift-pipelines/pipelines-console-plugin-rhel8, openshift-pipelines/pipelines-console-plugin-rhel9, openshift-pipelines/pipelines-console-plugin-pf5-rhel9 Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3 openshift-service-mesh/kiali-rhel9, openshift-service-mesh/kiali-ossmc-rhel9 Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 automation-platform-ui, ansible-automation-platform-26/gateway-rhel9, ansible-automation-platform-27/gateway-rhel9 Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop rh-podman-desktop.git Red Hat Ceph Storage 9 rhceph/alloy-rhel10
    +4 more products
    Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 rhdh/rhdh-rhel9-operator 1785972533, rhdh/rhdh-operator-bundle 1785976147 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 grafana, grafana-loki, grafana-mssql, grafana-mysql, grafana-selinux, grafana-graphite, +8 more Red Hat Hardened Images dotnet9.0 Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 rhoai/odh-cli-rhel9 1787330837, rhoai/odh-cli-rhel9 1791509689, rhoai/rhai-cli-rhel9 1787330837, rhoai/rhai-cli-rhel9 1791509689, rhoai/odh-automl-rhel9 1786612415, rhoai/odh-automl-rhel9 1791535789, +198 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift4/ose-console, openshift4/ose-console-rhel9
    not affected: vulnerable code not in execute path
  • Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 odf4/mcg-core-rhel9 Red Hat Self-service automation portal 2 ansible-automation-platform/automation-portal, ansible-automation-platform/bootc-automation-portal-rhel9
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
4 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.46% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 40% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
GitHub 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm protobufjs
<7.6.1
>=8.0.0, <8.4.1
7.6.1
8.4.1

Affected products

  • protobufjs protobuf.js

Classification

Weakness

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.