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Fencer Vulns
high 7.8

CVE-2026-46319 json

net/sched: act_ct: Only release RCU read lock after ct_ft

published 2026-06-09 5 mo ago modified 2026-10-19 20 d ago also EUVD-2026-35409

cvss
7.8
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.1%
EPSS 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 1%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/sched: act_ct: Only release RCU read lock after ct_ft

When looking up a flow table in act_ct in tcf_ct_flow_table_get(), rhashtable_lookup_fast() internally opens and closes an RCU read critical section before returning ct_ft. The tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() can complete before refcount_inc_not_zero() is invoked on the returned ct_ft resulting in a UAF on the already freed ct_ft object. This vulnerability can lead to privilege escalation.

Analysis from zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com: When initializing act_ct, tcf_ct_init() is called, which internally triggers tcf_ct_flow_table_get().

static int tcf_ct_flow_table_get(struct net *net, struct tcf_ct_params *params)

{ struct zones_ht_key key = { .net = net, .zone = params->zone }; struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft; int err = -ENOMEM;

mutex_lock(&zones_mutex); ct_ft = rhashtable_lookup_fast(&zones_ht, &key, zones_params); // [1] if (ct_ft && refcount_inc_not_zero(&ct_ft->ref)) // [2] goto out_unlock; ... }

static __always_inline void *rhashtable_lookup_fast( struct rhashtable *ht, const void *key, const struct rhashtable_params params) { void *obj;

rcu_read_lock(); obj = rhashtable_lookup(ht, key, params); rcu_read_unlock();

return obj; }

At [1], rhashtable_lookup_fast() looks up and returns the corresponding ct_ft from zones_ht . The lookup is performed within an RCU read critical section through rcu_read_lock() / rcu_read_unlock(), which prevents the object from being freed. However, at the point of function return, rcu_read_unlock() has already been called, and there is nothing preventing ct_ft from being freed before reaching refcount_inc_not_zero(&ct_ft->ref) at [2]. This interval becomes the race window, during which ct_ft can be freed.

Free Process:

tcf_ct_flow_table_put() is executed through the path tcf_ct_cleanup() call_rcu() tcf_ct_params_free_rcu() tcf_ct_params_free() tcf_ct_flow_table_put().

static void tcf_ct_flow_table_put(struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft) { if (refcount_dec_and_test(&ct_ft->ref)) { rhashtable_remove_fast(&zones_ht, &ct_ft->node, zones_params); INIT_RCU_WORK(&ct_ft->rwork, tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work); // [3] queue_rcu_work(act_ct_wq, &ct_ft->rwork); } }

At [3], tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() is scheduled as RCU work

static void tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work(struct work_struct *work)

{ struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft; struct flow_block *block;

ct_ft = container_of(to_rcu_work(work), struct tcf_ct_flow_table, rwork); nf_flow_table_free(&ct_ft->nf_ft); block = &ct_ft->nf_ft.flow_block; down_write(&ct_ft->nf_ft.flow_block_lock); WARN_ON(!list_empty(&block->cb_list)); up_write(&ct_ft->nf_ft.flow_block_lock); kfree(ct_ft); // [4]

module_put(THIS_MODULE); }

tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() frees ct_ft at [4]. When this function executes between [1] and [2], UAF occurs.

This race condition has a very short race window, making it generally difficult to trigger. Therefore, to trigger the vulnerability an msleep(100) was inserted after[1]

Patch / fix

  • Linux Linux 5.10.258, 5.15.209, 6.1.175, 6.6.141, 6.12.91, 6.18.33, 7.0.10, 7.1
  • linux Debian 12 6.1.176-1
  • linux Debian 13 6.12.94-1
  • linux Debian 14 7.0.10-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-46319

  • linux Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-186.196
  • linux Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-136.136
  • linux Ubuntu 26.04 LTS 7.0.0-28.28
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1112.119
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1061.64
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 26.04 LTS 7.0.0-1009.9
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1112.122
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1064.72

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2026-46319

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • kernel RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • rv RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • perf RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • rtla RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • libperf RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • kernel-rt RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • kernel-64k RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • kernel-core RHEL 10.2 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:83207RHSA-2026:83156RHSA-2026:75747RHSA-2026:75746

  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0_Update_21 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 5-1.1
  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0_Update_22 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 5-1.1
  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0_Update_23 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 5-1.1
  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0_Update_24 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 4-1.1
  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0_Update_25 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 3-1.1
  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0-RT_Update_14 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 11-1.1
  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0-RT_Update_10 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 20-1.1
  • kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0-RT_Update_11 Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 16-1.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:23483-1SUSE-SU-2026:23484-1SUSE-SU-2026:23485-1SUSE-SU-2026:23486-1SUSE-SU-2026:23487-1SUSE-SU-2026:23531-1

  • kernel-rt openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1
  • dtb-aarch64 openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1
  • kernel-64kb openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1
  • kernel-syms openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1
  • kernel-azure openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1
  • kernel-obs-qa openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1
  • kernel-source openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1
  • kernel-default openSUSE Leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.36.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:21388-1openSUSE-SU-2026:11014-1

  • kernel AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • rv AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • perf AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • rtla AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • libperf AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • kernel-rt AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • kernel-64k AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • kernel-core AlmaLinux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8

almalinux advisories ALSA-2026:83156ALSA-2026:83207ALSA-2026:75746ALSA-2026:75747

  • kernel Rocky Linux 10 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
  • kernel Rocky Linux 9 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
  • kernel-rt Rocky Linux 8 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10
  • kernel Rocky Linux 8 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2026:83207RLSA-2026:83156RLSA-2026:75746RLSA-2026:75747

  • kernel Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.141.1-1

azure linux advisories AZL-89681

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-46319 updated cvss 7.0

kernel: net/sched: act_ct: Only release RCU read lock after ct_ft

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 kernel-rt, kernel-rt-kvm, kernel-rt-core, kernel-rt-modules, kernel-rt-debug-kvm, kernel-rt-debug-core, +12 more
    affected: workaround, no fix available “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux kernel-modules-internal 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83207
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) rv 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, perf 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, rtla 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, python3-perf 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-devel-matched 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-64k-devel-matched 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, +7 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83156
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) rv 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, perf 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, rtla 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, python3-perf 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-devel-matched 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-64k-devel-matched 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, +7 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83207
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) perf 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, kernel 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, bpftool 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, kernel-core 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, kernel-tools 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, python3-perf 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, +15 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:75747
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) kernel 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-64k 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-tools 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-modules 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-64k-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, +27 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83156
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10) kernel 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-64k 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-tools 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-modules 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-64k-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83207
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) libperf 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83156
show 10 more
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) libperf 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83207
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 4.18.0-553.171.1.el8_10
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:75747
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Hidden (v. 10) kernel-modules-internal 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83207
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV (v. 8) kernel-rt 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-kvm 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-core 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-modules 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-debug-core 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:75746
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-64k 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-64k-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, +14 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83156
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 10) kernel-rt 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-64k 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-modules 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-64k-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-debug-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, +14 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83207
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-modules-core 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, kernel-rt-debug-modules 5.14.0-687.58.1.el9_8, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83156
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 10) kernel-rt 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-modules 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-debug-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-modules-core 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, kernel-rt-debug-modules 6.12.0-211.66.1.el10_2, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:83207
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux RT (v. 8) kernel-rt 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-core 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-modules 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-debug-core 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-debug-modules 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, kernel-rt-modules-extra 4.18.0-553.171.1.rt7.512.el8_10, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “To mitigate this issue, prevent module act_ct from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.” RHSA-2026:75746
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 perf, kernel, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-firmware, kernel-bootwrapper, +1 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, python-perf, kernel-kdump, +8 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
23 d ago

Exploit prediction

0.10% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 1% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

  • Linux Linux

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-362 Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization
  • CWE-416 Use After Free
Technology feeds

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.