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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.3

CVE-2026-45740 json

protobufjs: Denial of Service via unbounded recursive JSON descriptor expansion

published 2026-05-13 5 mo ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also GHSA-jggg-4jg4-v7c6 , EUVD-2026-30039

cvss
5.3
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.3%
EPSS 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 18%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.5.8 and 8.2.0, protobufjs could recurse without a depth limit while expanding nested JSON descriptors through Root.fromJSON() and Namespace.addJSON(). A crafted JSON descriptor with deeply nested namespace definitions could cause the JavaScript call stack to be exhausted during descriptor loading. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.8 and 8.2.0.

Patch / fix

  • npm protobufjs 7.5.8, 8.2.0
  • protobufjs_project protobufjs 7.5.8, 8.2.0
  • rh-podman-desktop RHEL 10.2 1.1.2-1.el10_2

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:57590

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-45740 updated cvss 7.5

protobufjs: protobufjs: Denial of Service via crafted JSON descriptors

  • Red Hat OpenShift Pipelines openshift-pipelines/pipelines-console-plugin-rhel8, openshift-pipelines/pipelines-console-plugin-rhel9
    affected: workaround, no fix available, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop rh-podman-desktop.git
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat Ceph Storage 9 rhceph/alloy-rhel10
    affected: workaround, no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3 rhelai3/bootc-cuda-rhel9, rhelai3/bootc-rocm-rhel9, rhelai3/bootc-gaudi-rhel9, rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9
    affected: workaround, no fix available, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9 cryostat/cryostat-grafana-dashboard-rhel9 4.2.0-13
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:48151
  • Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.2 ansible-automation-platform/automation-portal 1784622951, ansible-automation-platform/bootc-automation-portal-rhel9 1786006573
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:42815
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 1784210921
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:41929
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10 rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 1785411652, rhdh/red-hat-developer-hub-backstage-plugin-lightspeed-backend 1785332487, rhdh/red-hat-developer-hub-backstage-plugin-orchestrator-backend 1785332825, rhdh/red-hat-developer-hub-backstage-plugin-orchestrator-backend-module-loki 1785332668, rhdh/red-hat-developer-hub-backstage-plugin-scaffolder-backend-module-orchestrator 1785332694
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:48126
show 8 more
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extensions Channel (v. 10) rh-podman-desktop 1.1.2-1.el10_2
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:57590
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 rhoai/odh-dashboard-rhel9 1787347991, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-maas-rhel9 1787251250, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-automl-rhel9 1787250508, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-gen-ai-rhel9 1786611759, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-autorag-rhel9 1787251550, rhoai/odh-mod-arch-eval-hub-rhel9 1791861214, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:60520
  • Red Hat Cryostat 4 on RHEL 9 cryostat/cryostat-rhel9 4.2.0-13, cryostat/cryostat-db-rhel9 4.2.0-19, cryostat/jfr-datasource-rhel9 4.2.0-13, cryostat/cryostat-reports-rhel9 4.2.0-13, cryostat/cryostat-storage-rhel9 4.2.0-19, cryostat/cryostat-rhel9-operator 4.2.0-18, +3 more Red Hat OpenShift Pipelines openshift-pipelines/pipelines-console-plugin-pf5-rhel9 Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 3 openshift-service-mesh/kiali-rhel9, openshift-service-mesh/kiali-ossmc-rhel9 Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 automation-platform-ui, ansible-automation-platform-26/gateway-rhel9, ansible-automation-platform-27/gateway-rhel9 Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 rhdh/rhdh-rhel9-operator 1784210575, rhdh/rhdh-operator-bundle 1784215493 Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10 rhdh/rhdh-rhel9-operator 1785411290, rhdh/rhdh-operator-bundle 1785415596, rhdh/rhdh-must-gather-rhel9 1784202439, rhdh/rhdh-rag-content-rhel9 1785162496, rhdh/red-hat-developer-hub-backstage-plugin-lightspeed 1785333413, rhdh/red-hat-developer-hub-backstage-plugin-orchestrator 1785340831, +1 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 grafana, grafana-loki, grafana-mssql, grafana-mysql, grafana-selinux, grafana-graphite, +8 more Red Hat Hardened Images dotnet9.0
    not affected: vulnerable code not in execute path
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) rhoai/odh-mod-arch-mlflow-rhel9
    not affected: component not present
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 rhoai/odh-cli-rhel9 1787330837, rhoai/odh-cli-rhel9 1791509689, rhoai/rhai-cli-rhel9 1787330837, rhoai/rhai-cli-rhel9 1791509689, rhoai/odh-automl-rhel9 1786612415, rhoai/odh-automl-rhel9 1791535789, +199 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift4/ose-console, openshift4/ose-console-rhel9
    not affected: vulnerable code not in execute path
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 5 openshift5/ose-console-rhel9 Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 odf4/mcg-core-rhel9
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
5 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.26% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 18% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
NVD 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
GitHub 3.1 5.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm protobufjs
<7.5.8
>=8.0.0, <8.2.0
7.5.8
8.2.0

Affected products

  • protobufjs protobuf.js

Classification

Weakness

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.