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Fencer Vulns
medium 6.6

CVE-2026-45130 json

Vim: Heap Buffer Overflow in spell file loading

published 2026-05-08 6 mo ago modified 2026-07-24 3 mo ago also EUVD-2026-28871

cvss
6.6
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.2%
EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 16%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0450, a heap buffer overflow exists in read_compound() in src/spellfile.c when loading a crafted spell file (.spl) with UTF-8 encoding active. An attacker-controlled length field in the spell file's compound section overflows a 32-bit signed integer multiplication, causing a small buffer to be allocated for a write loop that runs many iterations, overflowing the heap. Because the 'spelllang' option can be set from a modeline, a text file modeline can trigger spell file loading if a malicious .spl file has been planted on the runtimepath. This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0450.

Patch / fix

  • vim vim 9.2.0450
  • vim Debian 13 2:9.1.1230-2+deb13u1
  • vim Debian 14 2:9.2.0461-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-45130

  • vim Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 2:8.2.3995-1ubuntu2.30
  • vim Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 2:9.1.0016-1ubuntu7.14
  • vim Ubuntu 25.10 2:9.1.0967-1ubuntu6.5
  • vim Ubuntu 26.04 LTS 2:9.1.2141-1ubuntu4.2
  • vim Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1+esm26
  • vim Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS 2:7.4.1689-3ubuntu1.5+esm32
  • vim Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 2:8.0.1453-1ubuntu1.13+esm17
  • vim Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 2:8.1.2269-1ubuntu5.32+esm5

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2026-45130

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • vim hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1
  • xxd hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1
  • vim-X11 hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1
  • vim-data hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1
  • vim-common hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1
  • vim-minimal hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1
  • vim-enhanced hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1
  • vim-filesystem hummingbird 1 9.2.967-1.1.hum1

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:57614

  • vim SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE Micro 5.4 +3 more 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1
  • vim Linux Micro Extras 6.2 9.2.0530-160000.1.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:2313-1SUSE-SU-2026:21833-1

  • vim openSUSE Tumbleweed 9.2.0530-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:11114-1

  • vim Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23 9.2.0452-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2026-45130

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • vim Azure Linux 3.0 9.2.0461-1

azure linux advisories AZL-86246

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-45130 updated cvss 6.6

vim: Vim: Heap buffer overflow allows arbitrary code execution or denial of service

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 vim, vim-X11, vim-common, vim-minimal, vim-enhanced, vim-filesystem
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 vim, vim-X11, vim-common, vim-minimal, vim-enhanced, vim-filesystem Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 vim, vim-X11, vim-common, vim-minimal, vim-enhanced, vim-filesystem Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 vim, vim-X11, vim-common, vim-minimal, vim-enhanced, vim-filesystem Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 vim Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8, openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9
    affected: workaround, no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) rhoai/odh-dashboard-rhel9
    under investigation
  • Red Hat Hardened Images vim 9.2.967-1.1.hum1, xxd 9.2.967-1.1.hum1, vim-X11 9.2.967-1.1.hum1, vim-data 9.2.967-1.1.hum1, vim-common 9.2.967-1.1.hum1, vim-minimal 9.2.967-1.1.hum1, +3 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:57614

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
5 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.25% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 16% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-q4jv-r9gj-6cwv referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 6.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H
NVD 3.1 5.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

  • vim vim

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-122 Heap-based Buffer Overflow
  • CWE-190 Integer Overflow or Wraparound

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.