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Fencer Vulns
critical 9.1

CVE-2026-41328 json

Dgraph: Pre-Auth Full Database Exfiltration via DQL Injection in NQuad Lang Field

published 2026-04-24 6 mo ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also GHSA-x92x-px7w-4gx4 , GO-2026-5749 , EUVD-2026-25595

cvss
9.1
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.4%
EPSS 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 36%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Dgraph is an open source distributed GraphQL database. Prior to 25.3.3, a vulnerability has been found in Dgraph that gives an unauthenticated attacker full read access to every piece of data in the database. This affects Dgraph's default configuration where ACL is not enabled. The attack requires two HTTP POSTs to port 8080. The first sets up a schema predicate with @unique @index(exact) @lang via /alter (also unauthenticated in default config). The second sends a crafted JSON mutation to /mutate?commitNow=true where a JSON key contains the predicate name followed by @ and a DQL injection payload in the language tag position. The injection exploits the addQueryIfUnique function in edgraph/server.go, which constructs DQL queries using fmt.Sprintf with unsanitized predicateName that includes the raw pred.Lang value. The Lang field is extracted from JSON mutation keys by x.PredicateLang(), which splits on @, and is never validated by any function in the codebase. The attacker injects a closing parenthesis to escape the eq() function, adds an arbitrary named query block, and uses a # comment to neutralize trailing template syntax. The injected query executes server-side and its results are returned in the HTTP response. This vulnerability is fixed in 25.3.3.

Patch / fix

  • go github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/v25 25.3.3
  • go github.com/hypermodeinc/dgraph/v24 24.1.9
  • dgraph dgraph 25.3.3
  • govulncheck-vulndb openSUSE Leap 16.0 0.0.20260723T184607-160000.1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total
Assessed
6 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.41% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 36% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-x92x-px7w-4gx4 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
GitHub 3.1 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
go github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/v25
<25.3.3
25.3.3
go github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/v24
<=24.1.8
 no fix listed
go github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph
<=1.2.8
all versions
 no fix listed
go github.com/hypermodeinc/dgraph/v24
<24.1.9
24.1.9

Affected products

  • dgraph-io dgraph

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-943 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.