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Fencer Vulns
critical 9.8

CVE-2026-33937 json

Handlebars.js has JavaScript Injection via AST Type Confusion

published 2026-03-27 7 mo ago modified 2026-10-26 13 d ago also GHSA-2w6w-674q-4c4q , EUVD-2026-16848

cvss
9.8
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.9%
EPSS 1.9% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 79%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Handlebars provides the power necessary to let users build semantic templates. In versions 4.0.0 through 4.7.8, `Handlebars.compile()` accepts a pre-parsed AST object in addition to a template string. The `value` field of a `NumberLiteral` AST node is emitted directly into the generated JavaScript without quoting or sanitization. An attacker who can supply a crafted AST to `compile()` can therefore inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript, leading to Remote Code Execution on the server. Version 4.7.9 fixes the issue. Some workarounds are available. Validate input type before calling `Handlebars.compile()`; ensure the argument is always a `string`, never a plain object or JSON-deserialized value. Use the Handlebars runtime-only build (`handlebars/runtime`) on the server if templates are pre-compiled at build time; `compile()` will be unavailable.

Patch / fix

  • npm handlebars 4.7.9
  • Red Hat Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 1782839279, 1782839996, 1782840539
  • Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 1776744110
  • node-handlebars Debian 14 3:4.7.9-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-33937

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-33937 updated cvss 9.8

handlebars.js: Handlebars: Remote Code Execution via crafted Abstract Syntax Tree object in compile()

  • Red Hat Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift openshift-logging/kibana6-rhel8, openshift-logging/elasticsearch6-rhel9, openshift-logging/logging-curator5-rhel9, openshift-logging/elasticsearch-proxy-rhel9, openshift-logging/elasticsearch-rhel9-operator, openshift-logging/elasticsearch-operator-bundle
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1 rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 389-ds-base, thunderbird, cockpit-389-ds, python3-lib389, 389-ds-base-libs, 389-ds-base-snmp, +1 more
    affected: workaround, no fix available, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 thunderbird Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 thunderbird
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat Cluster Observability Operator 1.5 cluster-observability-operator/logging-console-plugin-pf4-rhel9 1782839279, cluster-observability-operator/logging-console-plugin-pf5-rhel9 1782840539, cluster-observability-operator/troubleshooting-panel-console-plugin-pf6-rhel9 1782839996
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:34342
  • Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 devspaces 1776744110
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:10175
  • Red Hat Cluster Observability Operator 1.5 cluster-observability-operator/perses-rhel9 1782839109, cluster-observability-operator/thanos-rhel9 1782840280, cluster-observability-operator/korrel8r-rhel9 1782839157, cluster-observability-operator/prometheus-rhel9 1782840780, cluster-observability-operator/alertmanager-rhel9 1782840761, cluster-observability-operator/perses-rhel9-operator 1782839191, +16 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present
  • Red Hat Cryostat 4 handlebars
    not affected: component not present
show 4 more
  • Red Hat Data Grid 8 handlebars
    not affected: vulnerable code cannot be controlled by adversary
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 firefox Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 firefox, grafana, mozjs60, grafana-loki, grafana-mssql, grafana-mysql, +10 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 firefox, firefox-x11 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 firefox
    not affected: vulnerable code not in execute path
  • Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) rhoai/odh-workbench-codeserver-datascience-cpu-py312-rhel9 Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces devspaces/dashboard-rhel9 Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27 devspaces 1776716842, devspaces 1776717247, devspaces 1776718438, devspaces 1776718450, devspaces 1776718480, devspaces 1776718585, +9 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present
  • Red Hat Process Automation 7 handlebars
    not affected: component not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total
Assessed
7 mo ago

Exploit prediction

1.91% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 79% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/security/advisories/GHSA-2w6w-674q-4c4q referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CISA ADP 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm handlebars
>=4.0.0, <4.7.9
4.7.9

Affected products

  • handlebars-lang handlebars.js
  • Red Hat Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0
  • Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.27
  • Red Hat Cryostat 4
  • Red Hat Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift
  • Red Hat Red Hat Data Grid 8
  • Red Hat Red Hat Developer Hub
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)
  • Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces
  • Red Hat Red Hat Process Automation 7

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-843 Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type
  • CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.