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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.9

CVE-2026-31875 json

Parse Server MFA recovery codes not consumed after use

published 2026-03-11 8 mo ago modified 2026-09-08 2 mo ago also BIT-parse-2026-31875 , EUVD-2026-11280 , GHSA-4hf6-3x24-c9m8

cvss
5.9
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 46%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.6.0-alpha.7 and 8.6.33, when multi-factor authentication (MFA) via TOTP is enabled for a user account, Parse Server generates two single-use recovery codes. These codes are intended as a fallback when the user cannot provide a TOTP token. However, recovery codes are not consumed after use, allowing the same recovery code to be used an unlimited number of times. This defeats the single-use design of recovery codes and weakens the security of MFA-protected accounts. An attacker who obtains a single recovery code can repeatedly authenticate as the affected user without the code ever being invalidated. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.6.0-alpha.7 and 8.6.33.

Patch / fix

  • npm parse-server 8.6.33, 9.6.0-alpha.7
  • bitnami parse 8.6.33, 9.6.0
  • parseplatform parse-server 8.6.33, 9.6.0-alpha.7
  • parseplatform parse_server 8.6.33, 9.6.0-alpha.7

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
7 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.55% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 46% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 8.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 4.0 8.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 5.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm parse-server
>=9.0.0-alpha.1, <9.6.0-alpha.7
<8.6.33
9.6.0-alpha.7
8.6.33
bitnami parse
<8.6.33
>=9.0.0, <9.6.0
8.6.33
9.6.0

Affected products

  • parse-community parse-server

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-672 Operation on a Resource after Expiration or Release

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.