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Fencer Vulns
high 8.1

CVE-2026-28681 json

IRRd: web UI host header injection allows password reset poisoning via attacker-controlled email links

published 2026-03-04 8 mo ago modified 2026-07-13 3 mo ago also EUVD-2026-9991 , GHSA-22m3-c7vp-49fj , PYSEC-2026-2186

cvss
8.1
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 42%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Internet Routing Registry daemon version 4 is an IRR database server, processing IRR objects in the RPSL format. From version 4.4.0 to before version 4.4.5 and from version 4.5.0 to before version 4.5.1, an attacker can manipulate the HTTP Host header on a password reset or account creation request. The confirmation link in the resulting email can then point to an attacker-controlled domain. Opening the link in the email is sufficient to pass the token to the attacker, who can then use it on the real IRRD instance to take over the account. A compromised account can then be used to modify RPSL objects maintained by the account's mntners and perform other account actions. If the user had two-factor authentication configured, which is required for users with override access, an attacker is not able to log in, even after successfully resetting the password. This issue has been patched in versions 4.4.5 and 4.5.1.

Patch / fix

  • pypi irrd 4.4.5, 4.5.1
  • internet_routing_registry_daemon_project internet_routing_registry_daemon 4.4.5, 4.5.1

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
8 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.49% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 42% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
GitHub 3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
OSV 3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
pypi irrd
>=4.4.0, <4.4.5
>=4.5.0, <4.5.1
4.4.5
4.5.1

Affected products

  • irrdnet irrd

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-601 URL Redirection to Untrusted Site
  • CWE-640 Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.