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Fencer Vulns
high 8.3

CVE-2026-27727 json

mchange-commons-java: Remote Code Execution via JNDI Reference Resolution

published 2026-02-25 8 mo ago modified 2026-09-15 55 d ago also GHSA-m2cm-222f-qw44 , EUVD-2026-8683

cvss
8.3
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.0%
EPSS 1.0% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 62%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

mchange-commons-java, a library that provides Java utilities, includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values, by which code can be downloaded and invoked within a running application. If an attacker can provoke an application to read a maliciously crafted `jaxax.naming.Reference` or serialized object, they can provoke the download and execution of malicious code. Implementations of this functionality within the JDK were disabled by default behind a System property that defaults to `false`, `com.sun.jndi.ldap.object.trustURLCodebase`. However, since mchange-commons-java includes an independent implementation of JNDI derefencing, libraries (such as c3p0) that resolve references via that implementation could be provoked to download and execute malicious code even after the JDK was hardened. Mirroring the JDK patch, mchange-commons-java's JNDI functionality is gated by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values starting in version 0.4.0. No known workarounds are available. Versions prior to 0.4.0 should be avoided on application CLASSPATHs.

Patch / fix

  • maven com.mchange:mchange-commons-java 0.4.0
  • Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 0:6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el8eap
  • Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 0:6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el9eap
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8 0:4.4.25-1.el8sat
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9 0:4.4.25-1.el9sat
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9 0:4.4.25-1.el9sat
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9 0:4.7.5-1.el9sat
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-9+deb8u1ubuntu0.16.04.1~esm2
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-9+deb8u1ubuntu0.18.04.1+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu0.20.04.1+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 22.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu1+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 24.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-10ubuntu2+esm1
  • c3p0 Ubuntu Pro 26.04 LTS 0.9.1.2-11ubuntu0.1~esm1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2026-27727

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • foreman satellite utils 6.19, satellite capsule 6.19, satellite 6.19 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat
  • candlepin satellite 6.19 4.7.5-1.el9sat
  • foreman-cli satellite utils 6.19, satellite 6.19 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat
  • foreman-ec2 satellite 6.19 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat
  • foreman-pcp satellite capsule 6.19, satellite 6.19 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat
  • foreman-redis satellite 6.19 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat
  • foreman-vmware satellite 6.19 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat
  • foreman-libvirt satellite 6.19 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:73976RHSA-2026:73644RHSA-2026:34365RHSA-2026:18054RHSA-2026:18055RHSA-2026:14874

  • c3p0 openSUSE Leap 15.6 0.9.5.5-150400.3.5.1
  • mchange-commons openSUSE Leap 15.6 0.2.20-150400.3.3.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:0855-1

  • c3p0 openSUSE Tumbleweed 0.12.0-1.1
  • mchange-commons openSUSE Tumbleweed 0.4.0-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:10279-1openSUSE-SU-2026:10281-1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-27727 updated cvss 8.3

com.mchange/mchange-commons-java: mchange-commons-java: Arbitrary code execution via JNDI dereferencing of crafted objects

  • Red Hat build of Debezium 2 mchange-commons-java
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat Fuse 7 mchange-commons-java Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 mchange-commons-java Red Hat Process Automation 7 mchange-commons-java
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Satellite 6 candlepin, candlepin-selinux
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 2 mchange-commons-java
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.14.4 for Spring Boot 3.5.11
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:3890
  • Red Hat Build of Debezium 3.2
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:4285
  • Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 8 eap8-hibernate 6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap8-hibernate-core 6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap8-hibernate-envers 6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el8eap
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:18054
  • Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 9 eap8-hibernate 6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap8-hibernate-core 6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap8-hibernate-envers 6.6.48-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el9eap
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:18055
show 8 more
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.1 EUS for RHEL 7 Server eap7-wildfly 7.1.16-1.GA_redhat_00002.1.ep7.el7, eap7-netty 4.1.63-4.Final_redhat_00005.1.ep7.el7, eap7-hibernate 5.1.17-5.Final_redhat_00006.1.ep7.el7, eap7-netty-all 4.1.63-4.Final_redhat_00005.1.ep7.el7, eap7-wildfly-modules 7.1.16-1.GA_redhat_00002.1.ep7.el7, eap7-hibernate-core 5.1.17-5.Final_redhat_00006.1.ep7.el7, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:73976
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.3 EUS for RHEL 7 Server eap7-wildfly 7.3.19-1.GA_redhat_00004.1.el7eap, eap7-netty 4.1.63-7.Final_redhat_00005.1.el7eap, eap7-hibernate 5.3.39-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.el7eap, eap7-netty-all 4.1.63-7.Final_redhat_00005.1.el7eap, eap7-wildfly-modules 7.3.19-1.GA_redhat_00004.1.el7eap, eap7-wildfly-javadocs 7.3.19-1.GA_redhat_00004.1.el7eap, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:73644
  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1.6.GA hibernate-core 6.6.48.Final-redhat-00001
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:18059
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8 candlepin 4.4.25-1.el8sat, candlepin-selinux 4.4.25-1.el8sat Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9 candlepin 4.4.25-1.el9sat, candlepin-selinux 4.4.25-1.el9sat
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:14874
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9 candlepin 4.4.25-1.el9sat, candlepin-selinux 4.4.25-1.el9sat
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:14873
  • Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9 candlepin 4.7.5-1.el9sat, candlepin-selinux 4.7.5-1.el9sat
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:34365
  • Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 mchange-commons-java
    not affected: vulnerable code not in execute path
  • Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 8 eap8-angus 2.0.5-1.redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap8-yasson 3.0.4-5.redhat_00007.1.el8eap, eap8-jctools 4.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap8-angus-mail 2.0.5-1.redhat_00001.1.el8eap, eap8-guava 33.0.0-3.jre_redhat_00004.1.el8eap, eap8-wildfly 8.1.6-5.GA_redhat_00007.1.el8eap, +74 more Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 9 eap8-angus 2.0.5-1.redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap8-yasson 3.0.4-5.redhat_00007.1.el9eap, eap8-jctools 4.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap8-angus-mail 2.0.5-1.redhat_00001.1.el9eap, eap8-guava 33.0.0-3.jre_redhat_00004.1.el9eap, eap8-wildfly 8.1.6-5.GA_redhat_00007.1.el9eap, +74 more Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1.6.GA bla.zip, pom.xml, aesh 2.4, c3 0.6.4, d3 7.4.3, he 1.2.0, +2269 more Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack mchange-commons-java Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8 satellite 6.16.8-1.el8sat, foreman 3.12.0.15-1.el8sat, python-pillow 12.1.1-1.el8pc, python-markdown 3.8.2-1.el8pc, satellite-cli 6.16.8-1.el8sat, foreman-cli 3.12.0.15-1.el8sat, +25 more Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9 satellite 6.16.8-1.el9sat, foreman 3.12.0.15-1.el9sat, python-pillow 12.1.1-1.el9pc, python-markdown 3.8.2-1.el9pc, satellite-cli 6.16.8-1.el9sat, foreman-cli 3.12.0.15-1.el9sat, +25 more
    +3 more products
    Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9 satellite 6.17.8-1.el9sat, foreman 3.14.0.16-1.el9sat, python-pillow 12.1.1-1.el9pc, python-markdown 3.8.2-1.el9pc, satellite-cli 6.17.8-1.el9sat, foreman-cli 3.14.0.16-1.el9sat, +26 more Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9 foreman 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat, satellite 6.19.2-1.el9sat, foreman-cli 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat, foreman-ec2 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat, foreman-pcp 3.18.0.7-1.el9sat, satellite-cli 6.19.2-1.el9sat, +19 more Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 3 mchange-commons-java
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
8 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.98% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 62% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • mogwailabs.de https://mogwailabs.de/en/blog/2025/02/c3p0-you-little-rascal referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 8.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
CISA ADP 3.1 8.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CNA 4.0 8.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CNA 3.1 8.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven com.mchange:mchange-commons-java
<0.4.0
0.4.0

Affected products

  • swaldman mchange-commons-java
  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.14.4 for Spring Boot 3.5.11
  • Red Hat Red Hat Build of Debezium 3.2
  • Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1
  • Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8
  • Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9
  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4
  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Debezium 2
  • Red Hat Red Hat Fuse 7
  • Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7
  • Red Hat Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack
  • Red Hat Red Hat Process Automation 7
  • Red Hat Red Hat Satellite 6
  • Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 2
  • Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 3

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-74 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
  • CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Technology feeds

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.