Skip to content
Fencer Vulns
critical 9.2

CVE-2026-25547 json

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in @isaacs/brace-expansion

published 2026-02-03 9 mo ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also GHSA-7h2j-956f-4vf2 , EUVD-2026-5326

cvss
9.2
version 4.0, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 45%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

@isaacs/brace-expansion is a hybrid CJS/ESM TypeScript fork of brace-expansion. Prior to version 5.0.1, @isaacs/brace-expansion is vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) issue caused by unbounded brace range expansion. When an attacker provides a pattern containing repeated numeric brace ranges, the library attempts to eagerly generate every possible combination synchronously. Because the expansion grows exponentially, even a small input can consume excessive CPU and memory and may crash the Node.js process. This issue has been patched in version 5.0.1.

Patch / fix

  • npm @isaacs/brace-expansion 5.0.1
  • node-brace-expansion Debian 14 2.0.3+~1.1.2-2

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-25547

  • nodejs24 RHEL 10.1 1:24.14.1-2.el10_1
  • nodejs24-npm RHEL 10.1 1:11.11.0-1.24.14.1.2.el10_1
  • nodejs24-libs RHEL 10.1 1:24.14.1-2.el10_1
  • nodejs24-full-i18n RHEL 10.1 1:24.14.1-2.el10_1
  • npm RHEL 9 1:11.11.0-1.24.14.1.2.module+el9.7.0+24166+51c9666b
  • nodejs RHEL 9 1:24.14.1-2.module+el9.7.0+24166+51c9666b
  • nodejs-libs RHEL 9 1:24.14.1-2.module+el9.7.0+24166+51c9666b
  • nodejs-nodemon RHEL 9 3.0.3-3.module+el9.7.0+24166+51c9666b

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:7983RHSA-2026:7675RHSA-2026:7350RHSA-2026:7310RHSA-2026:7302RHSA-2026:7123

  • cockpit-subscriptions SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 16.2-160000.1.1
  • cockpit SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 364-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-repos SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 4.8-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-podman SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 128-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-machines SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 354-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-packages SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 5-160000.1.1
  • cockpit SLE Micro 5.5 298-150500.3.12.1
  • grafana Multi Linux Manager Tools SLE-15 11.6.14+security01-150002.4.14.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:22770-1SUSE-SU-2026:22837-1SUSE-SU-2026:2363-1SUSE-SU-2026:1524-1SUSE-SU-2026:21246-1SUSE-SU-2026:21245-1

  • cockpit-subscriptions openSUSE Leap 16.0 16.2-160000.1.1
  • cockpit openSUSE Leap 16.0 364-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-repos openSUSE Leap 16.0 4.8-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-podman openSUSE Leap 16.0 128-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-machines openSUSE Leap 16.0 354-160000.1.1
  • cockpit-packages openSUSE Leap 16.0 5-160000.1.1
  • cockpit openSUSE Leap 16.0 354-160000.2.1
  • cockpit-machines openSUSE Leap 16.0 346-160000.2.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:21399-1openSUSE-SU-2026:20504-1openSUSE-SU-2026:20503-1openSUSE-SU-2026:20502-1openSUSE-SU-2026:10424-1openSUSE-SU-2026:10428-1

  • nodejs24-npm AlmaLinux 10 1:11.11.0-1.24.14.1.2.el10_1
  • npm AlmaLinux 9 1:11.11.0-1.24.14.1.2.module_el9.7.0+222+ef1c61e1
  • nodejs AlmaLinux 9 1:24.14.1-2.module_el9.7.0+222+ef1c61e1
  • nodejs-libs AlmaLinux 9 1:24.14.1-2.module_el9.7.0+222+ef1c61e1
  • nodejs-nodemon AlmaLinux 9 3.0.3-3.module_el9.7.0+209+ecf6523e
  • nodejs-full-i18n AlmaLinux 9 1:24.14.1-2.module_el9.7.0+222+ef1c61e1
  • nodejs-packaging AlmaLinux 9 2021.06-6.module_el9.7.0+209+ecf6523e
  • nodejs-packaging-bundler AlmaLinux 9 2021.06-6.module_el9.7.0+198+8bf605ba

almalinux advisories ALSA-2026:7675ALSA-2026:7350ALSA-2026:7123

  • nodejs24 Rocky Linux 10 1:24.14.1-2.el10_1
  • nodejs22 Rocky Linux 10 1:22.22.2-1.el10_1
  • nodejs-nodemon Rocky Linux 9 3.0.3-3.module+el9.7.0+40025+0e0cf6b2
  • nodejs-packaging Rocky Linux 9 2021.06-6.module+el9.7.0+40052+e32ea525
  • nodejs-nodemon Rocky Linux 9 3.0.1-1.module+el9.7.0+40017+f0db1785
  • nodejs-nodemon Rocky Linux 9 3.0.1-1.module+el9.7.0+40018+a011993d
  • nodejs-nodemon Rocky Linux 9 3.0.1-1.module+el9.7.0+40022+9ecc286c
  • nodejs-nodemon Rocky Linux 8 3.0.1-1.module+el8.10.0+1666+930e28e8

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2026:7675RLSA-2026:7080RLSA-2026:7350RLSA-2026:7302RLSA-2026:7123

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-25547 updated cvss 6.5

brace-expansion: brace-expansion: Denial of Service via unbounded brace range expansion

  • Red Hat Cryostat 4 io.cryostat-cryostat Red Hat Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift openshift-logging/kibana6-rhel8, openshift-logging/elasticsearch6-rhel9, openshift-logging/logging-curator5-rhel9, openshift-logging/elasticsearch-proxy-rhel9, openshift-logging/elasticsearch-rhel9-operator, openshift-logging/elasticsearch-operator-bundle Red Hat Migration Toolkit for Applications 8 mta/mta-ui-rhel9 Red Hat Node HealthCheck Operator workload-availability/node-remediation-console-rhel8 Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 3scale-amp20/system, 3scale-amp21/system, 3scale-amp22/system, 3scale-amp24/system, 3scale-amp25/system, 3scale-amp26/system, +3 more Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2 rhacm2/console-rhel9
    +10 more products
    Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 org.jolokia-jolokia-parent Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 automation-gateway, automation-platform-ui, automation-eda-controller Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 io.hawt-project Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 io.apicurio-apicurio-registry Red Hat build of OptaPlanner 8 org.optaweb.vehiclerouting-optaweb-vehicle-routing Red Hat Data Grid 8 org.infinispan-infinispan-console Red Hat Directory Server 11 389-ds-base Red Hat Directory Server 12 389-ds-base Red Hat Directory Server 13 389-ds-base Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 npm, pcs, nodejs, grafana, mozjs60, pcs-snmp, +18 more
    affected: no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 gjs, npm, pcs, nodejs, polkit, grafana, +6 more
    affected: no fix available, no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 nodejs-nodemon Red Hat Fuse 7 io.hawt-project, io.apicurio-apicurito, io.hawt-hawtio-online, io.syndesis-syndesis-ui, io.syndesis-syndesis-parent Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 io.hawt-project, org.jboss.hal-hal-parent Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 io.hawt-project, org.jboss.hal-hal-parent, org.keycloak-keycloak-parent Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack io.hawt-project, org.jboss.hal-hal-parent, org.keycloak-keycloak-parent Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift4/ose-console, openshift4/ose-console-rhel9, openshift4/ose-monitoring-plugin-rhel8, openshift4/ose-monitoring-plugin-rhel9
    +6 more products
    Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 odf4/mcg-core-rhel9, odf4/odf-console-rhel9, odf4/ocs-client-console-rhel9, odf4/odf-multicluster-console-rhel9 Red Hat Process Automation 7 org.uberfire-uberfire-parent, org.kie.workbench-kie-wb-common, org.kie-process-migration-service Red Hat Quay 3 quay/quay-rhel8, quay/quay-rhel9 Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 org.keycloak-keycloak-parent Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 2 com.github.streamshub-console Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 3 com.github.streamshub-console
    affected: no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) nodejs 22.22.2-1.module+el8.10.0+24148+847b6786, nodejs-libs 22.22.2-1.module+el8.10.0+24148+847b6786, nodejs-nodemon 3.0.1-1.module+el8.10.0+24148+847b6786, npm 10.9.7-1.22.22.2.1.module+el8.10.0+24148+847b6786, nodejs-full-i18n 22.22.2-1.module+el8.10.0+24148+847b6786, nodejs-packaging 2021.06-6.module+el8.10.0+24148+847b6786, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7123
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) nodejs 22.22.2-1.module+el9.7.0+24157+8ddb2461, nodejs 24.14.1-2.module+el9.7.0+24166+51c9666b, nodejs-libs 22.22.2-1.module+el9.7.0+24157+8ddb2461, nodejs-libs 24.14.1-2.module+el9.7.0+24166+51c9666b, nodejs-nodemon 3.0.1-1.module+el9.7.0+24157+8ddb2461, nodejs-nodemon 3.0.3-3.module+el9.7.0+24166+51c9666b, +8 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7302
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) nodejs 22.22.2-1.el10_1, nodejs22 22.22.2-1.el10_1, nodejs24 24.14.1-2.el10_1, nodejs-libs 22.22.2-1.el10_1, nodejs24-libs 24.14.1-2.el10_1, nodejs-full-i18n 22.22.2-1.el10_1, +3 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7080
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v. 10.0) nodejs 22.22.2-2.el10_0, nodejs22 22.22.2-2.el10_0, nodejs-libs 22.22.2-2.el10_0, nodejs-full-i18n 22.22.2-2.el10_0, nodejs-npm 10.9.7-1.22.22.2.2.el10_0
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7310
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) nodejs 22.22.2-1.module+el9.6.0+24196+39669d4e, nodejs-libs 22.22.2-1.module+el9.6.0+24196+39669d4e, nodejs-nodemon 3.0.1-1.module+el9.6.0+23473+45664c2d, npm 10.9.7-1.22.22.2.1.module+el9.6.0+24196+39669d4e, nodejs-full-i18n 22.22.2-1.module+el9.6.0+24196+39669d4e, nodejs-packaging 2021.06-4.module+el9.6.0+23473+45664c2d, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7983

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
9 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.54% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 45% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 9.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H
CNA 4.0 9.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm @isaacs/brace-expansion
<5.0.1
5.0.1

Affected products

  • isaacs brace-expansion

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-1333 Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.