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Fencer Vulns
high 8.8

CVE-2026-25056 json

n8n Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE in n8n Merge Node

published 2026-02-04 9 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm , EUVD-2026-5415

cvss
8.8
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.7%
EPSS 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 54%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0, a vulnerability in the Merge node's SQL Query mode allowed authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to write arbitrary files to the n8n server's filesystem potentially leading to remote code execution. This issue has been patched in versions 1.118.0 and 2.4.0.

Patch / fix

  • npm n8n 1.118.0, 2.4.0
  • n8n n8n 1.118.0, 2.4.0

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
9 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.73% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 54% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 9.4 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
CNA 4.0 9.4 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm n8n
<1.118.0
>=2.0.0, <2.4.0
1.118.0
2.4.0

Affected products

  • n8n-io n8n

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
  • CWE-693 Protection Mechanism Failure

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.