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Fencer Vulns
critical 9.8

CVE-2026-24781 json

vm2: Sandbox Breakout Through Inspect

published 2026-05-04 6 mo ago modified 2026-11-04 5 d ago also EUVD-2026-26987 , GHSA-v37h-5mfm-c47c

cvss
9.8
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.2%
EPSS 1.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 68%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.0, VM2 suffers from a sandbox breakout vulnerability through the inspect function. This allows attackers to write code which can escape from the VM2 sandbox and execute arbitrary commands on the host system. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.0.

Patch / fix

  • npm vm2 3.11.0
  • Red Hat Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10 1783448184
  • Red Hat Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 1781187342

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2026-24781 updated cvss 8.1

vm2: vm2: Arbitrary code execution via sandbox breakout through inspect function

  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1 rhdh/backstage-community-plugin-catalog-backend-module-scaffolder-relation-processor
    affected: no fix planned “Will not fix”
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 1781187342
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:26234
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10 rhdh/rhdh-hub-rhel9 1783448184
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:36754
  • Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 rhdh/rhdh-rhel9-operator 1781187028, rhdh/rhdh-operator-bundle 1781191254 Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10 rhdh/rhdh-rhel9-operator 1783447707, rhdh/rhdh-operator-bundle 1783453583, rhdh/rhdh-must-gather-rhel9 1783447888, rhdh/rhdh-rag-content-rhel9 1783446803
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total
Assessed
6 mo ago

Exploit prediction

1.19% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 68% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-v37h-5mfm-c47c referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CISA ADP 3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CNA 3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm vm2
<3.11.0
3.11.0

Affected products

  • patriksimek vm2
  • Red Hat Red Hat Developer Hub 1.10
  • Red Hat Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9
  • Red Hat Red Hat Developer Hub

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code
  • CWE-693 Protection Mechanism Failure
  • CWE-653 Improper Isolation or Compartmentalization

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.