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Fencer Vulns
critical 9.4

CVE-2026-23941 json

Request smuggling via first-wins Content-Length parsing in inets httpd

published 2026-03-13 7 mo ago modified 2026-07-24 3 mo ago also EUVD-2026-11776

cvss
9.4
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 44%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in Erlang OTP (inets httpd module) allows HTTP Request Smuggling.

This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/inets/src/http_server/httpd_request.erl and program routines httpd_request:parse_headers/7.

The server does not reject or normalize duplicate Content-Length headers. The earliest Content-Length in the request is used for body parsing while common reverse proxies (nginx, Apache httpd, Envoy) honor the last Content-Length value. This violates RFC 9112 Section 6.3 and allows front-end/back-end desynchronization, leaving attacker-controlled bytes queued as the start of the next request.

This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 28.4.1, OTP 27.3.4.9 and OTP 26.2.5.18, corresponding to inets from 5.10 before 9.6.1, 9.3.2.3 and 9.1.0.5.

Patch / fix

  • Erlang OTP 9.1.0.5, 9.3.2.3, 9.6.1, 26.2.5.18, 27.3.4.9, 28.4.1
  • erlang Debian 12 1:25.2.3+dfsg-1+deb12u4
  • erlang Debian 13 1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1+deb13u2
  • erlang Debian 14 1:27.3.4.9+dfsg-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2026-23941

  • erlang Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.7
  • erlang Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.7
  • erlang Ubuntu 26.04 LTS 1:27.3.4.6+dfsg-1ubuntu0.1
  • erlang Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS 1:16.b.3-dfsg-1ubuntu2.2+esm2
  • erlang Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS 1:18.3-dfsg-1ubuntu3.1+esm3
  • erlang Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 1:20.2.2+dfsg-1ubuntu2+esm3
  • erlang Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 1:22.2.7+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5+esm2

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2026-23941

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • erlang27 openSUSE Tumbleweed 27.1.3-2.1
  • erlang openSUSE Leap 16.0 27.1.3-160000.4.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:10947-1openSUSE-SU-2026:20607-1

  • erlang Azure Linux 3.0 26.2.5.18-1

azure linux advisories AZL-79880

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
7 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.51% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 44% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 7.0 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L
CNA 4.0 7.0 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 9.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

Affected products

  • Erlang OTP

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-444 Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.