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Fencer Vulns
high 7.4

CVE-2026-104435 json

Zebra 4.4.0 Consensus Divergence via V5 SIGHASH_SINGLE Without Output

published 2026-05-08 6 mo ago modified 2026-10-03 37 d ago also EUVD-2026-91445 , GHSA-pvmv-cwg8-v6c8

cvss
7.4
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.2%
EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 10%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Zebra zebrad 4.4.0 and zebra-script 6.0.0 fail to enforce a ZIP-244 consensus rule, accepting V5 transparent inputs signed with SIGHASH_SINGLE that lack a corresponding output. Attackers can broadcast crafted V5 transactions with more inputs than outputs that Zebra accepts but zcashd rejects, causing a network consensus split.

Patch / fix

  • crates.io zebrad 4.4.1
  • crates.io zebra-script 6.0.1
  • ZcashFoundation zebra 4.4.1, 6.0.1

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
38 d ago

Exploit prediction

0.21% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 10% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 8.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 3.1 7.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
CNA 4.0 8.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
crates.io zebrad
<4.4.1
4.4.1
crates.io zebra-script
<6.0.1
6.0.1

Affected products

  • ZcashFoundation zebra

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
  • CWE-354 Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
  • CWE-573 Improper Following of Specification by Caller

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.