critical 9.8

CVE-2025-8028 json

Large branch table could lead to truncated instruction

published 2025-07-22 15 mo ago modified 2026-10-05 34 d ago also EUVD-2025-22371

cvss: 9.8; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.6%; EPSS 0.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 47%
public exploits: 0; none known

On arm64, a WASM `br_table` instruction with a lot of entries could lead to the label being too far from the instruction causing truncation and incorrect computation of the branch address. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 141, Firefox ESR 115.26, Firefox ESR 128.13, Firefox ESR 140.1, Thunderbird 141, Thunderbird 128.13, and Thunderbird 140.1.

Patch / fix

fixed in 4 distros 7

mozilla firefox 115.26, 128.13, 140.1
mozilla firefox_esr 115.26, 128.13, 140.1
mozilla thunderbird 128.13, 140.1
mozilla thunderbird_esr 128.13, 140.1

debian ubuntu red hat suse opensuse almalinux rocky linux

firefox-esr Debian 12 128.13.0esr-1~deb12u1
firefox-esr Debian 14, Debian 13 128.13.0esr-1
thunderbird Debian 12 1:128.13.0esr-1~deb12u1
thunderbird Debian 14, Debian 13 1:128.13.0esr-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-8028

thunderbird Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 1:140.7.1+build1-0ubuntu0.22.04.1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-8028

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

thunderbird RHEL 8 128.13.0-3.el8_10
thunderbird RHEL 10.0 128.13.0-3.el10_0
thunderbird RHEL 9 128.13.0-3.el9_6
firefox RHEL 10.0 128.13.0-1.el10_0
firefox RHEL 9 128.13.0-1.el9_6
firefox-x11 RHEL 9 128.13.0-1.el9_6
firefox RHEL 8 128.13.0-1.el8_10
thunderbird RHEL 8.6 TUS, RHEL 8.6 E4S, RHEL 8.6 AUS 128.13.0-3.el8_6

red hat advisories RHSA-2025:13676 RHSA-2025:13651 RHSA-2025:13649 RHSA-2025:13650 RHSA-2025:13648 RHSA-2025:13646

mozjs128 SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 128.14.0-160000.1.1
MozillaThunderbird SLE Workstation Extension 15 SP7, SLE Workstation Extension 15 SP6, SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 +2 more 140.1.0-150200.8.230.1
MozillaFirefox-branding-SLE SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES for SAP 15 SP3 +12 more 140-150200.9.21.1
pipewire SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP7, SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 0.3.6-150200.3.11.1
pipewire SLES for SAP 15 SP3, SLES 15 SP3-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS +1 more 0.3.24-150300.4.8.1
pipewire SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS +1 more 0.3.49-150400.3.7.1
pipewire SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES 15 SP5-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS +1 more 0.3.64-150500.3.7.2
MozillaFirefox SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES for SAP 15 SP3 +12 more 140.1.0-150200.152.193.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:21170-1 SUSE-SU-2025:02546-1 SUSE-SU-2025:02531-1 SUSE-SU-2025:02529-1

mozjs128 openSUSE Leap 16.0 128.14.0-160000.1.1
MozillaFirefox openSUSE Tumbleweed 141.0-1.1
mozjs128 openSUSE Tumbleweed 128.13.0-1.1
MozillaThunderbird openSUSE Tumbleweed 140.1.0-1.1
firefox-esr openSUSE Tumbleweed 140.1.0-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:20135-1 openSUSE-SU-2025:15386-1 openSUSE-SU-2025:15387-1 openSUSE-SU-2025:15383-1 openSUSE-SU-2025:15371-1

thunderbird AlmaLinux 8 128.13.0-3.el8_10.alma.1
thunderbird AlmaLinux 9 128.13.0-3.el9_6.alma.1
thunderbird AlmaLinux 10 128.13.0-3.el10_0.alma.1
firefox AlmaLinux 10 128.13.0-1.el10_0
firefox AlmaLinux 8 128.13.0-1.el8_10.alma.1
firefox AlmaLinux 9 128.13.0-1.el9_6.alma.1
firefox-x11 AlmaLinux 9 128.13.0-1.el9_6.alma.1

almalinux advisories ALSA-2025:13676 ALSA-2025:12187 ALSA-2025:12188 ALSA-2025:11797 ALSA-2025:11747 ALSA-2025:11748

firefox Rocky Linux 9 128.13.0-1.el9_6
thunderbird Rocky Linux 9 128.13.0-3.el9_6
firefox Rocky Linux 10 128.13.0-1.el10_0
thunderbird Rocky Linux 10 128.13.0-3.el10_0
thunderbird Rocky Linux 8 128.13.0-3.el8_10
firefox Rocky Linux 8 128.13.0-1.el8_10

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2025:11748 RLSA-2025:12187 RLSA-2025:11797 RLSA-2025:12188 RLSA-2025:13676 RLSA-2025:11747

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-8028 updated 2026-11-04 cvss 7.5

firefox: thunderbird: Large branch table could lead to truncated instruction

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 firefox, thunderbird Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 thunderbird
affected: no fix planned “Out of support scope”
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 firefox-flatpak, thunderbird-flatpak
affected: no fix available
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_10, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_10
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:11747
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) firefox 128.13.0-1.el9_6, firefox-x11 128.13.0-1.el9_6, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el9_6
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:11748
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) firefox 128.13.0-1.el10_0, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el10_0
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:11797
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_2, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_2
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12353
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_4, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_4
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12302
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_6, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_6, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_6
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12361

show 8 more

Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_8, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_8
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12360
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) firefox 128.13.0-1.el9_0, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el9_0
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12046
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) firefox 128.13.0-1.el9_2, firefox-x11 128.13.0-1.el9_2, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el9_2
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12045
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) firefox 128.13.0-1.el9_4, firefox-x11 128.13.0-1.el9_4, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el9_4
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12044
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_4, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_4
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12302
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_6, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_6
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12361
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) firefox 128.13.0-1.el8_8, thunderbird 128.13.0-3.el8_8
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12360
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS) firefox 128.13.0-1.el7_9
fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:12278

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total
Assessed: 15 mo ago (2025-07-23)

Exploit prediction

0.58% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 47% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CISA ADP	3.1	9.8	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CNA	3.1	9.8	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

Mozilla Firefox
Mozilla Thunderbird

Classification

Weakness

CWE-1332 Improper Handling of Faults that Lead to Instruction Skips

References

mozilla.org /security/advisories/mfsa2025-56/
vendor-advisory
mozilla.org /security/advisories/mfsa2025-57/
vendor-advisory
mozilla.org /security/advisories/mfsa2025-58/
vendor-advisory
mozilla.org /security/advisories/mfsa2025-59/
vendor-advisory
mozilla.org /security/advisories/mfsa2025-61/
vendor-advisory
mozilla.org /security/advisories/mfsa2025-62/
vendor-advisory
mozilla.org /security/advisories/mfsa2025-63/
vendor-advisory
bugzilla.mozilla.org /show_bug.cgi?id=1971581
permissions-required
lists.debian.org /debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00016.html

Sources

CVE List CVE-2025-8028
NVD CVE-2025-8028

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.

Summary