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Fencer Vulns
medium 4.9

CVE-2025-61664 json

Grub2: missing unregister call for normal_exit command may lead to use-after-free

published 2025-11-18 11 mo ago modified 2026-11-05 3 d ago also EUVD-2025-198079

cvss
4.9
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.1%
EPSS 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 4%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A vulnerability in the GRUB2 bootloader has been identified in the normal module. This flaw, a memory Use After Free issue, occurs because the normal_exit command is not properly unregistered when its related module is unloaded. An attacker can exploit this condition by invoking the command after the module has been removed, causing the system to improperly access a previously freed memory location. This leads to a system crash or possible impacts in data confidentiality and integrity.

Patch / fix

  • grub2 Debian 14 2.14-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-61664

  • grub2 SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 2.12-160000.3.1
  • grub2 SLE Module for Server Applications 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 2.12-150700.19.19.1
  • grub2 SLE Micro 5.4, SLE Micro 5.3 2.06-150400.11.66.1
  • grub2 SLE Module for Server Applications 15 SP6, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 2.12-150600.8.44.2
  • grub2 Linux Micro 6.1 2.12-slfo.1.1_3.1
  • grub2 SLE Micro 5.5 2.06-150500.29.59.1
  • grub2 SLE Micro 5.2 2.04-150300.22.61.1
  • grub2 SLES LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 2.02-193.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:21212-1SUSE-SU-2025:21223-1SUSE-SU-2025:4305-1SUSE-SU-2025:4224-1SUSE-SU-2025:4197-1SUSE-SU-2025:4196-1

  • grub2 openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.12-160000.3.1
  • grub2 openSUSE Tumbleweed 2.12-67.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:20163-1openSUSE-SU-2025:15749-1

  • grub2 CBL-Mariner 2.0 2.06-16
  • grub2 Azure Linux 3.0 2.06-26

azure linux advisories AZL-70529AZL-70571

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-61664 updated cvss 4.9

grub2: Missing unregister call for normal_exit command may lead to use-after-free

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 grub2, grub2-pc, grub2-efi, grub2-ppc64, grub2-tools, grub2-common, +15 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 grub2, grub2-pc, grub2-tools, grub2-common, grub2-efi-x64, grub2-ppc64le, +13 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 grub2, grub2-pc, grub2-tools, grub2-common, grub2-efi-x64, grub2-ppc64le, +10 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 grub2 Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8, openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9
    affected: workaround, no fix available “There is no known mitigation available for this vulnerability.”

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
11 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.15% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 4% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 4.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Affected products

  • GNU grub2
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-825 Expired Pointer Dereference

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.