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Fencer Vulns
critical 9.3

CVE-2025-61588 json

risc0 vulnerable to arbitrary code execution in guest via memory safety failure in `sys_read`

published 2025-10-01 13 mo ago modified 2026-10-19 20 d ago also GHSA-jqq4-c7wq-36h7 , EUVD-2025-32663

cvss
9.3
version 4.0, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 40%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

RISC Zero is a zero-knowledge verifiable general computing platform based on zk-STARKs and the RISC-V microarchitecture. In versions 2.0.2 and below of risc0-zkvm-platform, when the zkVM guest calls sys_read, the host is able to use a crafted response to write to an arbitrary memory location in the guest. This capability can be leveraged to execute arbitrary code within the guest. As sys_read is the mechanism by which input is requested by the guest, all guest programs built with the affected versions are vulnerable. This critically compromises the soundness guarantees of the guest program. Other affected packages include risc0-aggregation versions below 0.9, risc0-zkos-v1compat below 2.1.0, risc0-zkvm versions between 3.0.0-rc.1 and 3.0.1. This issue has been fixed in the following versions: risc0-zkvm-platform 2.1.0, risc0-zkos-v1compat 2.1.0, risc0-aggregation 0.9, and risc0-zkvm 2.3.2 and 3.0.3.

Patch / fix

  • crates.io risc0-zkvm-platform 2.1.0
  • crates.io risc0-zkos-v1compat 2.1.0
  • crates.io risc0-aggregation 0.9
  • crates.io risc0-zkvm 2.3.2, 3.0.3

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total
Assessed
13 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.46% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 40% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 4.0 9.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
crates.io risc0-zkvm-platform
<2.1.0
2.1.0
crates.io risc0-zkos-v1compat
<2.1.0
2.1.0
crates.io risc0-aggregation
<0.9
0.9
crates.io risc0-zkvm
<2.3.2
>=3.0.0, <3.0.3
2.3.2
3.0.3

Affected products

  • risc0 risc0

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.