Zend.To NSSDropoff.php exec os command injection

published 2025-06-10 16 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-17626

cvss: 7.3; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 1.7%; EPSS 1.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 77%
public exploits: 0; none known

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Zend.To up to 6.10-6 Beta. This issue affects the function exec of the file NSSDropoff.php. The manipulation of the argument file_1 leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 6.10-7 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. This affects a rather old version of the software. The vendor recommends updating to the latest release. Additional countermeasures have been added in 6.15-8.

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: partial
Assessed: 16 mo ago (2025-06-10)

Exploit prediction

1.74% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 77% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

matheuscezar.github.io https://matheuscezar.github.io/2025/05/24/0-day-in-zend-to.html referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	4.0	6.9	CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
CNA	3.1	7.3	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
CNA	3.0	7.3	CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
CNA	2.0	7.5	AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C
CNA	4.0	5.5	CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CNA	3.1	7.3	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CNA	2.0	7.5	AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

Affected products

n/a Zend.To

Classification

Weakness

CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command

References

matheuscezar.github.io /2025/05/24/0-day-in-zend-to.html
exploit
vuldb.com /?id.311789
vdb-entry, technical-description
vuldb.com /?ctiid.311789
signature, permissions-required
vuldb.com /?submit.589178
third-party-advisory

Sources

CVE List CVE-2025-5952
NVD CVE-2025-5952

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary