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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2025-58057 json

Netty's BrotliDecoder is vulnerable to DoS via zip bomb style attack

published 2025-09-03 14 mo ago modified 2026-10-19 21 d ago also EUVD-2025-26649 , GHSA-3p8m-j85q-pgmj

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.6%
EPSS 0.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 50%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In netty-codec-compression versions 4.1.124.Final and below, and netty-codec versions 4.2.4.Final and below, when supplied with specially crafted input, BrotliDecoder and certain other decompression decoders will allocate a large number of reachable byte buffers, which can lead to denial of service. BrotliDecoder.decompress has no limit in how often it calls pull, decompressing data 64K bytes at a time. The buffers are saved in the output list, and remain reachable until OOM is hit. This is fixed in versions 4.1.125.Final of netty-codec and 4.2.5.Final of netty-codec-compression.

Patch / fix

  • maven io.netty:netty-codec-compression 4.2.5.Final
  • maven io.netty:netty-codec 4.1.125.Final
  • io.netty netty-codec 4.1.125.Final, 4.2.5.Final
  • netty netty 4.1.125.Final, 4.2.5.Final
  • io.netty netty-codec-compression 4.1.125.Final, 4.2.5.Final
  • netty Debian 12 1:4.1.48-7+deb12u2
  • netty Debian 13 1:4.1.48-10+deb13u1
  • netty Debian 14 1:4.1.48-12

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-58057

  • netty Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 1:4.1.48-4+deb11u2ubuntu0.1
  • netty Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 1:4.1.48-9ubuntu0.1
  • netty Ubuntu 25.10 1:4.1.48-10ubuntu0.25.10.2
  • netty Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 1:4.1.7-4ubuntu0.1+esm5
  • netty Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 1:4.1.45-1ubuntu0.1~esm4

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-58057

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • netty-tcnative SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES for SAP 15 SP3 +12 more 2.0.73-150200.3.30.1
  • netty SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP7, SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 4.1.126-150200.4.34.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:03114-1

  • netty openSUSE Tumbleweed 4.1.126-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:15520-1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-58057 updated cvss 7.5

netty-codec: netty-codec-compression: Netty's BrotliDecoder is vulnerable to DoS via zip bomb style attack

  • Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack netty-codec
    affected: workaround, no fix available
  • Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.15.7
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:17187
  • Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.20.3.redhat netty-codec 4.1.127.Final-redhat-00001
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:17563
  • Red Hat JBoss EAP XP 5.0 Update 4.0
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:3951
  • Red Hat Streams for Apache Kafka 2.9.3
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19077
  • Red Hat Streams for Apache Kafka 3.1.0
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:23417
  • Red Hat Cryostat 4 netty-codec Red Hat Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift netty-codec Red Hat OpenShift Serverless openshift-serverless-1/kn-ekb-receiver-rhel8, openshift-serverless-1/kn-ekb-dispatcher-rhel8, openshift-serverless-1/kn-ekb-post-install-rhel8, openshift-serverless-1/kn-ekb-webhook-kafka-rhel8, openshift-serverless-1/kn-ekb-kafka-controller-rhel8, openshift-serverless-1/kn-eventing-integrations-log-sink-rhel8, +8 more Red Hat AMQ Broker 7 netty-codec Red Hat AMQ Clients netty-codec Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 netty-codec
    +19 more products
    Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 netty-codec Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 netty-codec Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 netty-codec Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 3 netty-codec Red Hat build of Debezium 2 netty-codec Red Hat build of Debezium 3 netty-codec Red Hat build of OptaPlanner 8 netty-codec Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.20.3.redhat jna 5.8.0, lit 3.2.1, bson 5.3.1, db2 1.20.6, h2 2.3.230, y18n 5.0.8, +1016 more Red Hat Data Grid 8 netty-codec Red Hat Fuse 7 netty-codec Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 netty-codec Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 netty-codec Red Hat Offline Knowledge Portal offline-knowledge-portal/rhokp-rhel9 Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) rhoai/odh-modelmesh-rhel8, rhoai/odh-modelmesh-rhel9, rhoai/odh-trustyai-service-rhel8, rhoai/odh-trustyai-service-rhel9 Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces devspaces/server-rhel9, devspaces/pluginregistry-rhel9 Red Hat Process Automation 7 netty-codec Red Hat Satellite 6 candlepin, candlepin-selinux Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 netty-codec Red Hat streams for Apache Kafka 2 netty-codec
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
14 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.63% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 50% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-3p8m-j85q-pgmj referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 6.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 4.0 6.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven io.netty:netty-codec-compression
>=4.2.0.Alpha1, <4.2.5.Final
4.2.5.Final
maven io.netty:netty-codec
<4.1.125.Final
4.1.125.Final

Affected products

  • netty netty

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-409 Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.