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Fencer Vulns
low 3.7

CVE-2025-46712 json

Erlang/OTP SSH Has Strict KEX Violations

published 2025-05-08 18 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-14034

cvss
3.7
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.6%
EPSS 0.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 46%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. In versions prior to OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25), Erlang/OTP SSH fails to enforce strict KEX handshake hardening measures by allowing optional messages to be exchanged. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to inject these messages in a connection during the handshake. This issue has been patched in versions OTP-27.3.4 (for OTP-27), OTP-26.2.5.12 (for OTP-26), and OTP-25.3.2.21 (for OTP-25).

Patch / fix

  • erlang erlang/otp 25.3.2.21, 26.2.5.12, 27.3.4
  • erlang Debian 12 1:25.2.3+dfsg-1+deb12u2
  • erlang Debian 14, Debian 13 1:27.3.4+dfsg-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-46712

  • erlang Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 1:24.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu0.5
  • erlang Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 1:25.3.2.8+dfsg-1ubuntu4.4
  • erlang Ubuntu 25.10 1:27.3.4.1+dfsg-1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-46712

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • erlang Alpine 3.21 26.2.5.12-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-46712

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • erlang CBL-Mariner 2.0 25.3.2.21-1
  • erlang Azure Linux 3.0 26.2.5.12-1

azure linux advisories AZL-61744AZL-61748

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
18 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.55% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 46% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 3.7 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Affected products

  • erlang otp

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-440 Expected Behavior Violation

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.