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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.9

CVE-2025-4382 json

Grub2: grub allow access to encrypted device through cli once root device is unlocked via tpm

published 2025-05-09 18 mo ago modified 2026-11-05 3 d ago also EUVD-2025-14163

cvss
5.9
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.4%
EPSS 0.4% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 29%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A flaw was found in systems utilizing LUKS-encrypted disks with GRUB configured for TPM-based auto-decryption. When GRUB is set to automatically decrypt disks using keys stored in the TPM, it reads the decryption key into system memory. If an attacker with physical access can corrupt the underlying filesystem superblock, GRUB will fail to locate a valid filesystem and enter rescue mode. At this point, the disk is already decrypted, and the decryption key remains loaded in system memory. This scenario may allow an attacker with physical access to access the unencrypted data without any further authentication, thereby compromising data confidentiality. Furthermore, the ability to force this state through filesystem corruption also presents a data integrity concern.

Patch / fix

  • grub2 Debian 14 2.14~git20250718.0e36779-2

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-4382

  • grub2 Linux Micro 6.1 2.12-slfo.1.1_2.1
  • grub2 Linux Micro 6.0 2.12~rc1-6.1
  • grub2 SLE Module for Server Applications 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 2.12-150700.19.3.1
  • grub2 SLE Module for Server Applications 15 SP6, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 2.12-150600.8.27.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:20863-1SUSE-SU-2025:20511-1SUSE-SU-2025:01747-1SUSE-SU-2025:01615-1

  • grub2 openSUSE Tumbleweed 2.12-50.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:15085-1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-4382 updated cvss 5.9

grub2: grub allow access to encrypted device through CLI once root device is unlocked via TPM

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 grub2, grub2-pc, grub2-efi, grub2-ppc64, grub2-tools, grub2-common, +15 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 grub2, grub2-pc, grub2-tools, grub2-common, grub2-efi-x64, grub2-ppc64le, +13 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 grub2, grub2-pc, grub2-tools, grub2-common, grub2-efi-x64, grub2-ppc64le, +10 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 grub2 Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8, openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9
    affected: workaround, no fix available “No mitigation is currently available that meets Red Hat Product Security’s standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.”

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
18 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.35% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 29% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 5.9 CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Affected products

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
  • Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.