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Fencer Vulns
high 8.6

CVE-2025-40778 json

Cache poisoning attacks with unsolicited RRs

published 2025-10-22 12 mo ago modified 2026-10-08 31 d ago also EUVD-2025-35581

cvss
8.6
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.7%
EPSS 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 52%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Under certain circumstances, BIND is too lenient when accepting records from answers, allowing an attacker to inject forged data into the cache. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.50, 9.18.0 through 9.18.39, 9.20.0 through 9.20.13, 9.21.0 through 9.21.12, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.50-S1, 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.39-S1, and 9.20.9-S1 through 9.20.13-S1.

Patch / fix

  • isc bind 9.18.41, 9.18.41-S1, 9.20.15, 9.20.15-S1, 9.21.14
  • bind9 Debian 12 1:9.18.41-1~deb12u1
  • bind9 Debian 13 1:9.20.15-1~deb13u1
  • bind9 Debian 14 1:9.20.15-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40778

  • bind9 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 1:9.18.39-0ubuntu0.22.04.2
  • bind9 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 1:9.18.39-0ubuntu0.24.04.2
  • bind9 Ubuntu 25.10 1:9.20.11-1ubuntu2.1
  • bind9 Ubuntu 26.04 LTS 1:9.20.11-1ubuntu3
  • bind9 Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 1:9.11.3+dfsg-1ubuntu1.19+esm6
  • bind9 Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 1:9.18.30-0ubuntu0.20.04.2+esm1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40778

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • bind hummingbird 1 9.18.48-1.hum1
  • bind-libs hummingbird 1 9.18.48-1.hum1
  • bind-utils hummingbird 1 9.18.48-1.hum1
  • bind-chroot hummingbird 1 9.18.48-1.hum1
  • bind-dnssec-utils hummingbird 1 9.18.48-1.hum1
  • bind RHEL 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind-libs RHEL 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind-utils RHEL 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:6935RHSA-2025:23414RHSA-2025:22205RHSA-2025:22168RHSA-2025:21939RHSA-2025:21889

  • bind SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 9.20.15-160000.1.1
  • bind Multi Linux Manager Tools SLE-Micro-5, Manager Client Tools for SLE Micro 5 9.16.6-150000.12.85.1
  • bind SLE Module for Server Applications 15 SP6, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 9.18.33-150600.3.18.1
  • bind SLES for SAP 15 SP3, SLES 15 SP3-LTSS, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 +3 more 9.16.6-150300.22.53.1
  • bind SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES 15 SP5-LTSS, SLE Micro 5.5 +2 more 9.16.50-150500.8.32.1
  • bind SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS +3 more 9.16.50-150400.5.56.1
  • bind SLE Module for Server Applications 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 9.20.15-150700.3.12.1
  • bind SLES LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5, SLES 12 SP5-LTSS 9.11.22-3.65.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:20085-1SUSE-SU-2025:4222-1SUSE-SU-2025:4110-1SUSE-SU-2025:4109-1SUSE-SU-2025:4108-1SUSE-SU-2025:4107-1

  • bind openSUSE Leap 16.0 9.20.15-160000.1.1
  • bind openSUSE Tumbleweed 9.20.15-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:20039-1openSUSE-SU-2025:15659-1

  • bind AlmaLinux 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind-libs AlmaLinux 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind-utils AlmaLinux 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind-chroot AlmaLinux 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind-license AlmaLinux 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • python3-bind AlmaLinux 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind-dnssec-utils AlmaLinux 9 32:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind9.18 AlmaLinux 9 32:9.18.29-5.el9_7.2

almalinux advisories ALSA-2025:21110ALSA-2025:21111ALSA-2025:21034ALSA-2025:19950ALSA-2025:19912ALSA-2025:19793

  • bind Rocky Linux 10 2:9.18.33-10.el10_1.2
  • bind Rocky Linux 9 2:9.16.23-34.el9_7.1
  • bind9.18 Rocky Linux 9 2:9.18.29-5.el9_7.2
  • bind Rocky Linux 8 2:9.11.36-16.el8_10.6
  • bind9.16 Rocky Linux 8 2:9.16.23-0.22.el8_10.4

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2025:21034RLSA-2025:21110RLSA-2025:21111RLSA-2025:19835RLSA-2025:19793

  • bind Alpine 3.21, Alpine 3.20, Alpine 3.19 9.18.41-r0
  • bind Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23, Alpine 3.22 9.20.15-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-40778

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • bind CBL-Mariner 2.0 9.16.50-3
  • bind Azure Linux 3.0 9.20.15-1

azure linux advisories AZL-68727AZL-68736

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-40778 updated cvss 8.6

bind: Cache poisoning attacks with unsolicited RRs

  • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4) bind-libs 9.16.23-18.el9_4.10
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21817
  • Red Hat Discovery 2 discovery 2.4.0-1763656152
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21994
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) bind 9.11.36-16.el8_10.6, bind-sdb 9.11.36-16.el8_10.6, bind-libs 9.11.36-16.el8_10.6, bind-utils 9.11.36-16.el8_10.6, bind9.16 9.16.23-0.22.el8_10.4, bind-chroot 9.11.36-16.el8_10.6, +13 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19835
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) bind 9.16.23-31.el9_6.2, bind 9.16.23-34.el9_7.1, bind9.18 9.18.29-4.el9_6.2, bind9.18 9.18.29-5.el9_7.2, bind-libs 9.16.23-31.el9_6.2, bind-libs 9.16.23-34.el9_7.1, +18 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19951
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) bind 9.18.33-4.el10_0.2, bind 9.18.33-10.el10_1.2, bind-libs 9.18.33-4.el10_0.2, bind-libs 9.18.33-10.el10_1.2, bind-utils 9.18.33-4.el10_0.2, bind-chroot 9.18.33-4.el10_0.2, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19912
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v. 8.2) bind 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11, bind-sdb 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11, bind-libs 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11, bind-utils 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11, bind-chroot 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11, bind-pkcs11 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21741
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4) bind 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-sdb 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-libs 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-utils 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-chroot 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-pkcs11 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21740
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6) bind 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-sdb 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-libs 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind9.16 9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.9, bind-utils 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-pkcs11 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, +7 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6) bind 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-sdb 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-libs 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind9.16 9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.9, bind-utils 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-pkcs11 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, +7 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21736
show 30 more
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) bind 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-sdb 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-libs 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-utils 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-pkcs11 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind9.16 9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.7, +9 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21735
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0) bind 9.16.23-1.el9_0.11, bind-libs 9.16.23-1.el9_0.11, bind-utils 9.16.23-1.el9_0.11, bind-chroot 9.16.23-1.el9_0.11, bind-license 9.16.23-1.el9_0.11, python3-bind 9.16.23-1.el9_0.11, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21889
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) bind 9.16.23-11.el9_2.9, bind-libs 9.16.23-11.el9_2.9, bind-utils 9.16.23-11.el9_2.9, bind-chroot 9.16.23-11.el9_2.9, bind-license 9.16.23-11.el9_2.9, python3-bind 9.16.23-11.el9_2.9, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21887
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) bind 9.16.23-18.el9_4.10, bind-libs 9.16.23-18.el9_4.10, bind-utils 9.16.23-18.el9_4.10, bind-chroot 9.16.23-18.el9_4.10, bind-license 9.16.23-18.el9_4.10, python3-bind 9.16.23-18.el9_4.10, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21817
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) bind 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-sdb 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-libs 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-utils 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-chroot 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-pkcs11 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21740
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6) bind 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-sdb 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-libs 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind9.16 9.16.23-0.7.el8_6.9, bind-utils 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-pkcs11 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, +7 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21736
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) bind 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-sdb 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-libs 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-utils 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-pkcs11 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind9.16 9.16.23-0.14.el8_8.7, +9 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21735
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) bind 9.11.36-16.el8_10.6, bind-export-libs 9.11.36-16.el8_10.6
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19835
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v. 8.2) bind 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11, bind-export-libs 9.11.13-6.el8_2.11
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21741
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.4) bind 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-export-libs 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21740
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS AUS (v.8.6) bind 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-export-libs 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11 Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.6) bind 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-export-libs 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21736
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS E4S (v.8.8) bind 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-export-libs 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21735
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4) bind 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8, bind-export-libs 9.11.26-4.el8_4.8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21740
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.6) bind 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11, bind-export-libs 9.11.36-3.el8_6.11
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21736
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS TUS (v.8.8) bind 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8, bind-export-libs 9.11.36-8.el8_8.8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:21735
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) bind-libs 9.16.23-31.el9_6.2, bind-libs 9.16.23-34.el9_7.1, bind9.18-libs 9.18.29-4.el9_6.2, bind9.18-libs 9.18.29-5.el9_7.2
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19951
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) bind-doc 9.18.33-4.el10_0.2, bind-doc 9.18.33-10.el10_1.2, bind-devel 9.18.33-4.el10_0.2, bind-devel 9.18.33-10.el10_1.2, bind-debuginfo 9.18.33-4.el10_0.2, bind-debuginfo 9.18.33-10.el10_1.2, +8 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19912
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) bind9.16-libs 9.16.23-0.22.el8_10.4
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:19793
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server -EXTENSION(v. 6 ELS-EXTENSION) bind 9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.17, bind-libs 9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.17, bind-utils 9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.17
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:23414
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (v. 7 ELS) bind 9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.19, bind-libs 9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.19, bind-utils 9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.19, bind-pkcs11 9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.19, bind-libs-lite 9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.19, bind-export-libs 9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.19, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:22205
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional -EXTENSION (v. 6 ELS -EXTENSION) bind-sdb 9.8.2-0.68.rc1.el6_10.17
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:23414
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Optional (v. 7 ELS) bind-sdb 9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.19
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:22205
  • Red Hat Hardened Images bind 9.18.48-1.hum1, bind-libs 9.18.48-1.hum1, bind-utils 9.18.48-1.hum1, bind-chroot 9.18.48-1.hum1, bind-dnssec-utils 9.18.48-1.hum1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:6935
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 rhcos 412.86.202601061735
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0316
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 rhcos 413.92.202601130113
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0677
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 rhcos 414.92.202601191325
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0996
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 rhcos 415.92.202601271320
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:1541
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 rhcos 416.94.202601071926
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0326
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 rhcos 417.94.202601120213
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0702
  • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 rhcos 418.94.202601071817
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:0332

3 more fixed, 16 more not affected in the full advisory

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
12 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.67% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 52% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • gist.github.com https://gist.github.com/N3mes1s/f76b4a606308937b0806a5256bc1f918 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 8.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

Affected products

  • ISC BIND 9

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-349 Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.