Apereo CAS Groovy Code RegisteredServiceSimpleFormController.java saveService code injection

published 2025-04-27 18 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also GHSA-37pq-893f-g7q5 , EUVD-2025-12431

cvss: 5.0; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.5%; EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 42%
public exploits: 0; none known

A vulnerability was found in Apereo CAS 5.2.6 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function saveService of the file cas-5.2.6\webapp-mgmt\cas-management-webapp-support\src\main\java\org\apereo\cas\mgmt\services\web\RegisteredServiceSimpleFormController.java of the component Groovy Code Handler. The manipulation leads to code injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial
Assessed: 18 mo ago (2025-04-28)

Exploit prediction

0.49% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 42% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

wx.mail.qq.com https://wx.mail.qq.com/s?k=ilW4ixcMaVgGU49Dij referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	4.0	2.3	CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA	3.1	5.0	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CNA	3.0	5.0	CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CNA	2.0	4.6	AV:N/AC:H/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
CNA	4.0	2.3	CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD	3.1	7.5	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub	3.1	5.0	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Affected packages

ecosystem	package	affected	fixed in
maven	org.apereo.cas:cas-management-webapp-support	<=5.2.6	no fix listed

Affected products

Apereo CAS

Classification

Weakness

CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code
CWE-74 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component

References

wx.mail.qq.com /s?k=ilW4ixcMaVgGU49Dij
exploit, web, not-applicable
vuldb.com /?id.306320
vdb-entry, technical-description, web, third-party-advisory
vuldb.com /?ctiid.306320
signature, permissions-required, web, vdb-entry
vuldb.com /?submit.557100
third-party-advisory, web, vdb-entry
nvd.nist.gov /vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3984
advisory
github.com /apereo/cas
package

Sources

CVE List CVE-2025-3984
GitHub Advisory GHSA-37pq-893f-g7q5
NVD CVE-2025-3984

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary