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Fencer Vulns
medium 6.8

CVE-2025-37731 json

Elasticsearch Improper Authentication

published 2025-12-15 10 mo ago modified 2026-10-07 32 d ago also BIT-elasticsearch-2025-37731 , EUVD-2025-203360 , GHSA-m9gh-789g-q5pv

cvss
6.8
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.2%
EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 8%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Improper Authentication in Elasticsearch PKI realm can lead to user impersonation via specially crafted client certificates. A malicious actor would need to have such a crafted client certificate signed by a legitimate, trusted Certificate Authority.

Patch / fix

  • maven org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-security 8.19.8, 9.1.8, 9.2.2
  • maven org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-core 8.19.8, 9.1.8, 9.2.2
  • bitnami elasticsearch 8.19.8, 9.1.8, 9.2.2
  • elastic elasticsearch 8.19.8, 9.1.8, 9.2.2
  • elasticsearch elasticsearch 8.19.8, 9.1.8, 9.2.2
  • org.elasticsearch elasticsearch 8.19.8, 9.1.8, 9.2.2

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-37731 updated cvss 7.4

elasticsearch: Elasticsearch: User impersonation due to improper authentication in Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) realm

  • Red Hat Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift openshift-logging/vector-rhel9, openshift-logging/fluentd-rhel8, openshift-logging/fluentd-rhel9, openshift-logging/kibana6-rhel8, openshift-logging/eventrouter-rhel9, openshift-logging/elasticsearch6-rhel9, +8 more Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh 2 openshift-service-mesh/pilot-rhel8, openshift-service-mesh/grafana-rhel8, openshift-service-mesh/proxyv2-rhel9, openshift-service-mesh/istio-cni-rhel8, openshift-service-mesh/ratelimit-rhel8, openshift-service-mesh/istio-rhel8-operator, +2 more Red Hat Quay 3 quay/quay-rhel8
    affected: workaround, no fix available

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
10 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.19% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 8% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 6.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
GitHub 3.1 6.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
NVD 3.1 7.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
OSV 3.1 7.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-security
>=7.0.0-alpha1, <8.19.8
>=9.0.0-beta1, <9.1.8
>=9.2.0, <9.2.2
8.19.8
9.1.8
9.2.2
maven org.elasticsearch.plugin:x-pack-core
>=7.0.0-alpha1, <8.19.8
>=9.0.0-beta1, <9.1.8
>=9.2.0, <9.2.2
8.19.8
9.1.8
9.2.2
bitnami elasticsearch
<8.19.8
>=9.0.0, <9.1.8
>=9.2.0, <9.2.2
8.19.8
9.1.8
9.2.2

Affected products

  • Elastic Elasticsearch

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-287 Improper Authentication
  • CWE-295 Improper Certificate Validation

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.