Absence of Kernel Module Signature Verification on Linux System of Infotainment ECU

published 2026-02-15 8 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-206906

cvss: 6.7; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.1%; EPSS 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 1%
public exploits: 0; none known

The system suffers from the absence of a kernel module signature verification. If an attacker can execute commands on behalf of root user (due to additional vulnerabilities), then he/she is also able to load custom kernel modules to the kernel space and execute code in the kernel context. Such a flaw can lead to taking control over the entire system.

First identified on Nissan Leaf ZE1 manufactured in 2020.

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total
Assessed: 8 mo ago (2026-02-17)

Exploit prediction

0.12% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 1% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	3.1	6.7	CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

Bosch Infotainment system ECU

Classification

Weakness

CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

References

nissan.co.uk /vehicles/new-vehicles/leaf.html
product
i.blackhat.com /Asia-25/Asia-25-Evdokimov-Remote-Exploitation-of-Nissan-Leaf.pdf
media-coverage
pcacybersecurity.com /resources/advisory/vulnerabilities-in-nissan-infotainment-manufactured-by-bosch
third-party-advisory

Sources

CVE List CVE-2025-32060
NVD CVE-2025-32060

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary