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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2025-31650 in the critical feed json

Apache Tomcat: DoS via malformed HTTP/2 PRIORITY_UPDATE frame

published 2025-04-28 18 mo ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also BIT-tomcat-2025-31650 , EUVD-2025-13627 , GHSA-3p2h-wqq4-wf4h

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
61.3%
EPSS 61.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 99.1%
public exploits
1
Exploit-DB

Summary

Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Incorrect error handling for some invalid HTTP priority headers resulted in incomplete clean-up of the failed request which created a memory leak. A large number of such requests could trigger an OutOfMemoryException resulting in a denial of service.

This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.76 through 9.0.102, from 10.1.10 through 10.1.39, from 11.0.0-M2 through 11.0.5. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.90 though 8.5.100.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.104, 10.1.40 or 11.0.6 which fix the issue.

Patch / fix

  • maven org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • maven org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • bitnami tomcat 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • apache tomcat-coyote 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • apache tomcat 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • org.apache.tomcat tomcat-coyote 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • apache tomcat-embed-core 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • org.apache.tomcat.embed tomcat-embed-core 9.0.104, 10.1.40, 11.0.6
  • tomcat9 Debian 14, Debian 13, Debian 12 9.0.70-2
  • tomcat10 Debian 14, Debian 13, Debian 12 10.1.40-1
  • tomcat11 Debian 14, Debian 13 11.0.6-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-31650

  • tomcat10 Ubuntu Pro 24.04 LTS 10.1.16-1ubuntu0.1~esm3

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-31650

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • tomcat RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10
  • tomcat-lib RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10
  • tomcat-webapps RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10
  • tomcat-el-5.0-api RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10
  • tomcat-docs-webapp RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10
  • tomcat-jsp-3.1-api RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10
  • tomcat-admin-webapps RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10
  • tomcat-servlet-6.0-api RHEL 10.2 1:10.1.49-1.el10

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:18537RHSA-2025:11381RHSA-2025:11382RHSA-2025:11334RHSA-2025:11335RHSA-2025:11332

  • tomcat SLE Module for Web and Scripting 15 SP7, SLE Module for Web and Scripting 15 SP6, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS +13 more 9.0.104-150200.81.1
  • tomcat10 SLE Module for Web and Scripting 15 SP7, SLE Module for Web and Scripting 15 SP6, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS +4 more 10.1.40-150200.5.40.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:01521-1SUSE-SU-2025:01537-1SUSE-SU-2025:1537-1SUSE-SU-2025:1521-1

  • tomcat openSUSE Tumbleweed 9.0.104-1.1
  • tomcat10 openSUSE Tumbleweed 10.1.40-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:15048-1openSUSE-SU-2025:15049-1

  • tomcat9 AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat9-lib AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat9-webapps AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat9-el-3.0-api AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat9-docs-webapp AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat9-jsp-2.3-api AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat9-admin-webapps AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat9-servlet-4.0-api AlmaLinux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1

almalinux advisories ALSA-2025:11332ALSA-2025:11333ALSA-2025:11335

  • tomcat Rocky Linux 9 1:9.0.87-3.el9_6.1
  • tomcat9 Rocky Linux 10 1:9.0.87-5.el10_0.1
  • tomcat Rocky Linux 8 1:9.0.87-1.el8_10.4

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2025:11335RLSA-2025:11332RLSA-2025:11333

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-31650 updated cvss 7.5

tomcat: Apache Tomcat: DoS via malformed HTTP/2 PRIORITY_UPDATE frame

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 tomcat6, tomcat6-lib, tomcat6-log4j, tomcat6-javadoc, tomcat6-webapps, tomcat6-el-2.1-api, +4 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 tomcat, tomcat-lib, tomcat-jsvc, tomcat-javadoc, tomcat-webapps, tomcat-el-2.2-api, +4 more
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) tomcat 9.0.87-1.el8_10.4, tomcat-lib 9.0.87-1.el8_10.4, tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-1.el8_10.4, tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-1.el8_10.4, tomcat-docs-webapp 9.0.87-1.el8_10.4, tomcat-jsp-2.3-api 9.0.87-1.el8_10.4, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:11333
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) tomcat 9.0.87-3.el9_6.1, tomcat-lib 9.0.87-3.el9_6.1, tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-3.el9_6.1, tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-3.el9_6.1, tomcat-docs-webapp 9.0.87-3.el9_6.1, tomcat-jsp-2.3-api 9.0.87-3.el9_6.1, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:11335
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) tomcat 10.1.49-1.el10, tomcat-lib 10.1.49-1.el10, tomcat9 9.0.87-5.el10_0.1, tomcat-webapps 10.1.49-1.el10, tomcat9-lib 9.0.87-5.el10_0.1, tomcat-el-5.0-api 10.1.49-1.el10, +10 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:11332
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8) tomcat 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-lib 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-docs-webapp 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-jsp-2.3-api 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:11382
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2) tomcat 9.0.87-1.el9_2.4, tomcat-lib 9.0.87-1.el9_2.4, tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-1.el9_2.4, tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-1.el9_2.4, tomcat-docs-webapp 9.0.87-1.el9_2.4, tomcat-jsp-2.3-api 9.0.87-1.el9_2.4, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:11381
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) tomcat 9.0.87-1.el9_4.4, tomcat-lib 9.0.87-1.el9_4.4, tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-1.el9_4.4, tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-1.el9_4.4, tomcat-docs-webapp 9.0.87-1.el9_4.4, tomcat-jsp-2.3-api 9.0.87-1.el9_4.4, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:11334
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8) tomcat 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-lib 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-docs-webapp 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, tomcat-jsp-2.3-api 9.0.87-1.el8_8.5, +2 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:11382
show 5 more
  • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:4522
  • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 7 Server jws5-tomcat 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-lib 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-javadoc 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-selinux 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el7jws, jws5-tomcat-java-jdk8 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el7jws, +6 more Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 8 jws5-tomcat 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-lib 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-javadoc 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-selinux 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el8jws, jws5-tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el8jws, +4 more Red Hat JBoss Web Server 5.8 for RHEL 9 jws5-tomcat 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-lib 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-javadoc 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-selinux 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-webapps 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el9jws, jws5-tomcat-el-3.0-api 9.0.87-11.redhat_00010.1.el9jws, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:4521
  • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:3609
  • Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 8 jws6-tomcat-native 1.3.1-1.redhat_1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-lib 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-javadoc 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-selinux 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el8jws, jws6-tomcat-webapps 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el8jws, +6 more Red Hat JBoss Web Server 6.1 for RHEL 9 jws6-tomcat-native 1.3.1-1.redhat_1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-lib 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-javadoc 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-selinux 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el9jws, jws6-tomcat-webapps 10.1.36-6.redhat_00007.1.el9jws, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Mitigation is either unavailable or does not meet Red Hat Product Security standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability.” RHSA-2025:3608
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 pki-servlet-engine, pki-servlet-4.0-api Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 pki-servlet-engine, pki-servlet-4.0-api
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

Timeline

  1. Published
  2. First public exploit (EDB-52318)

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
18 mo ago

Exploit prediction

61.32% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 99.1% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • EDB-52318 Apache Tomcat 10.1.39 - Denial of Service (DoS) remote, 2025-06-05

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CISA ADP 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
NVD 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
OSV 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
>=9.0.76, <9.0.104
>=10.1.10, <10.1.40
>=11.0.0-M2, <11.0.6
>=8.5.0, <=8.5.100
9.0.104
10.1.40
11.0.6
maven org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
>=9.0.76, <9.0.104
>=10.1.10, <10.1.40
>=11.0.0-M2, <11.0.6
>=8.5.0, <=8.5.100
9.0.104
10.1.40
11.0.6
bitnami tomcat
>=9.0.76, <9.0.104
>=10.1.10, <10.1.40
>=11.0.0, <11.0.6
9.0.104
10.1.40
11.0.6

Affected products

  • Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-459 Incomplete Cleanup
  • CWE-460 Improper Cleanup on Thrown Exception

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.