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Fencer Vulns
high 8.1

CVE-2025-30232 json

A use-after-free in Exim 4.96 through 4.98.1 could allow users (with command-line access) to escalate privileges.

published 2025-03-27 19 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-8527

cvss
8.1
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.5%
EPSS 0.5% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 45%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A use-after-free in Exim 4.96 through 4.98.1 could allow users (with command-line access) to escalate privileges.

Patch / fix

  • Exim Exim 4.98.2
  • exim4 Debian 12 4.96-15+deb12u7
  • exim4 Debian 14, Debian 13 4.98.1-2

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-30232

  • exim4 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 4.97-4ubuntu4.3

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-30232

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • exim openSUSE Tumbleweed 4.98.2-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:14935-1

  • exim Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23, Alpine 3.22 +1 more 4.98.2-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-30232

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • exim Arch Linux 4.98.2-1

arch linux advisories AVG-2859

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-30232 updated cvss 8.1

exim: privilege escalation via use-after-free

  • Red Hat All currently supported Red Hat products
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
19 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.53% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 45% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 8.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

  • Exim Exim

Classification

Weakness

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.