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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2025-27111 json

Escape Sequence Injection vulnerability in Rack lead to Possible Log Injection

published 2025-03-04 20 mo ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also EUVD-2025-6155 , GHSA-8cgq-6mh2-7j6v

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.8%
EPSS 0.8% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 55%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. The Rack::Sendfile middleware logs unsanitised header values from the X-Sendfile-Type header. An attacker can exploit this by injecting escape sequences (such as newline characters) into the header, resulting in log injection. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.2.12, 3.0.13, and 3.1.11.

Patch / fix

  • rubygems rack 2.2.12, 3.0.13, 3.1.11
  • rack rack 2.2.12, 3.0.13, 3.1.11
  • rack_project rack 2.2.12, 3.0.13, 3.1.11
  • ruby-rack Debian 12 2.2.13-1~deb12u1
  • ruby-rack Debian 14, Debian 13 3.1.12-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-27111

  • ruby-rack Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 2.2.7-1ubuntu0.2
  • ruby-rack Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, Ubuntu 25.10 3.1.16-0.1
  • ruby-rack Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS 1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm9
  • ruby-rack Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS 1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm7
  • ruby-rack Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS 1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm7
  • ruby-rack Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS 2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm6
  • ruby-rack Ubuntu Pro 22.04 LTS 2.1.4-5ubuntu1.1+esm1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-27111

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • rubygem-rack-1_6 openSUSE Leap 15.6 1.6.8-150000.3.6.1
  • rubygem-rack SLE High Availability Extension 15 SP6, SLE High Availability Extension 15 SP5, SLE High Availability Extension 15 SP4 +2 more 2.0.8-150000.3.26.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:1492-1SUSE-SU-2025:0874-1

  • rubygem-rack openSUSE Tumbleweed 3.1.18-1.3
  • rubygem-rack-2.2 openSUSE Tumbleweed 2.2.22-1.1
  • rubygem-rack openSUSE Tumbleweed 3.1.12-1.1
  • rubygem-rack-2.2 openSUSE Tumbleweed 2.2.12-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:10358-1openSUSE-SU-2026:10286-1openSUSE-SU-2025:14875-1openSUSE-SU-2025:14859-1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-27111 updated cvss 5.3

rack: rubygem-rack: Escape Sequence Injection vulnerability in Rack lead to Possible Log Injection

  • Red Hat Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift openshift-logging/fluentd-rhel9
    affected: workaround, no fix available “To mitigate this vulnerability, remove usage of Rack::Sendfile.”
  • Red Hat 3scale API Management Platform 2 3scale-amp2/zync-rhel9 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 pcs, pcs-snmp, python-clufter Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 pcs, pcs-snmp
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “To mitigate this vulnerability, remove usage of Rack::Sendfile.”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 ubi9/ruby-33, rhel9/ruby-30, rhel9/ruby-31 Red Hat Satellite 6 rubygem-rack
    affected: workaround, no fix available “To mitigate this vulnerability, remove usage of Rack::Sendfile.”
  • Red Hat Storage 3 rubygem-rack
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “To mitigate this vulnerability, remove usage of Rack::Sendfile.”

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
20 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.75% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 55% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 6.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 4.0 6.9 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
rubygems rack
<2.2.12
>=3.0, <3.0.13
>=3.1, <3.1.11
2.2.12
3.0.13
3.1.11

Affected products

  • rack rack

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-93 Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences
  • CWE-117 Improper Output Neutralization for Logs

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.