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Fencer Vulns
high 7.1

CVE-2025-24975 json

Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External

published 2025-08-15 14 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-25030

cvss
7.1
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.6%
EPSS 0.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 48%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.

Patch / fix

  • firebirdsql firebird 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, 6.0.0.609
  • firebird4.0 Debian 13 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1
  • firebird4.0 Debian 14 4.0.6.3221.ds6-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-24975

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-24975 updated cvss 7.1

firebirdsql: Firebird Access Bypass

  • Red Hat All currently supported Red Hat products
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
14 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.59% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 48% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • vicarius.io https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-24975-detect-vulnerable-firebird referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified
  • vicarius.io https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-24975-mitigate-firebird-vulnerability referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
NVD 3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

  • FirebirdSQL firebird

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-754 Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.