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Fencer Vulns
critical 9.7

CVE-2025-24964 json

Remote Code Execution when accessing a malicious website while Vitest API server is listening

published 2025-02-04 21 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also GHSA-9crc-q9x8-hgqq , EUVD-2025-0225

cvss
9.7
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.7%
EPSS 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 52%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Vitest is a testing framework powered by Vite. Affected versions are subject to arbitrary remote Code Execution when accessing a malicious website while Vitest API server is listening by Cross-site WebSocket hijacking (CSWSH) attacks. When `api` option is enabled (Vitest UI enables it), Vitest starts a WebSocket server. This WebSocket server did not check Origin header and did not have any authorization mechanism and was vulnerable to CSWSH attacks. This WebSocket server has `saveTestFile` API that can edit a test file and `rerun` API that can rerun the tests. An attacker can execute arbitrary code by injecting a code in a test file by the `saveTestFile` API and then running that file by calling the `rerun` API. This vulnerability can result in remote code execution for users that are using Vitest serve API. This issue has been patched in versions 1.6.1, 2.1.9 and 3.0.5. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Patch / fix

  • npm vitest 1.6.1, 2.1.9, 3.0.5
  • vitest.dev vitest 1.6.1, 2.1.9, 3.0.5

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
21 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.68% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 52% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • github.com https://github.com/vitest-dev/vitest/security/advisories/GHSA-9crc-q9x8-hgqq referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 9.7 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub 3.1 9.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
npm vitest
>=1.0.0, <1.6.1
>=2.0.0, <2.1.9
>=3.0.0, <3.0.5
<=0.0.125
1.6.1
2.1.9
3.0.5

Affected products

  • vitest-dev vitest

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-1385 Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.