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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.5

CVE-2025-22111 json

net: Remove RTNL dance for SIOCBRADDIF and SIOCBRDELIF.

published 2025-04-16 18 mo ago modified 2026-10-15 25 d ago also EUVD-2025-11179

cvss
5.5
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.2%
EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 10%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: Remove RTNL dance for SIOCBRADDIF and SIOCBRDELIF.

SIOCBRDELIF is passed to dev_ioctl() first and later forwarded to br_ioctl_call(), which causes unnecessary RTNL dance and the splat below [0] under RTNL pressure.

Let's say Thread A is trying to detach a device from a bridge and Thread B is trying to remove the bridge.

In dev_ioctl(), Thread A bumps the bridge device's refcnt by netdev_hold() and releases RTNL because the following br_ioctl_call() also re-acquires RTNL.

In the race window, Thread B could acquire RTNL and try to remove the bridge device. Then, rtnl_unlock() by Thread B will release RTNL and wait for netdev_put() by Thread A.

Thread A, however, must hold RTNL after the unlock in dev_ifsioc(), which may take long under RTNL pressure, resulting in the splat by Thread B.

Thread A (SIOCBRDELIF) Thread B (SIOCBRDELBR) ---------------------- ---------------------- sock_ioctl sock_ioctl `- sock_do_ioctl `- br_ioctl_call `- dev_ioctl `- br_ioctl_stub |- rtnl_lock | |- dev_ifsioc ' ' |- dev = __dev_get_by_name(...) |- netdev_hold(dev, ...) . / |- rtnl_unlock ------. | | |- br_ioctl_call `---> |- rtnl_lock Race | | `- br_ioctl_stub |- br_del_bridge Window | | | |- dev = __dev_get_by_name(...) | | | May take long | `- br_dev_delete(dev, ...) | | | under RTNL pressure | `- unregister_netdevice_queue(dev, ...) | | | | `- rtnl_unlock \ | |- rtnl_lock <-' `- netdev_run_todo | |- ... `- netdev_run_todo | `- rtnl_unlock |- __rtnl_unlock | |- netdev_wait_allrefs_any |- netdev_put(dev, ...) <----------------' Wait refcnt decrement and log splat below

To avoid blocking SIOCBRDELBR unnecessarily, let's not call dev_ioctl() for SIOCBRADDIF and SIOCBRDELIF.

In the dev_ioctl() path, we do the following:

1. Copy struct ifreq by get_user_ifreq in sock_do_ioctl() 2. Check CAP_NET_ADMIN in dev_ioctl() 3. Call dev_load() in dev_ioctl() 4. Fetch the master dev from ifr.ifr_name in dev_ifsioc()

3. can be done by request_module() in br_ioctl_call(), so we move 1., 2., and 4. to br_ioctl_stub().

Note that 2. is also checked later in add_del_if(), but it's better performed before RTNL.

SIOCBRADDIF and SIOCBRDELIF have been processed in dev_ioctl() since the pre-git era, and there seems to be no specific reason to process them there.

[0]: unregister_netdevice: waiting for wpan3 to become free. Usage count = 2 ref_tracker: wpan3@ffff8880662d8608 has 1/1 users at __netdev_tracker_alloc include/linux/netdevice.h:4282 [inline] netdev_hold include/linux/netdevice.h:4311 [inline] dev_ifsioc+0xc6a/0x1160 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:624 dev_ioctl+0x255/0x10c0 net/core/dev_ioctl.c:826 sock_do_ioctl+0x1ca/0x260 net/socket.c:1213 sock_ioctl+0x23a/0x6c0 net/socket.c:1318 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:906 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:892 [inline] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x1a4/0x210 fs/ioctl.c:892 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcb/0x250 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

Patch / fix

  • Linux Linux 5.15.198, 6.1.160, 6.6.120, 6.12.65, 6.14.2, 6.15
  • linux Debian 12 6.1.162-1
  • linux Debian 13 6.12.69-1
  • linux Debian 14 6.16.3-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-22111

  • linux Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-173.183
  • linux Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-110.110
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1103.110
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1052.55
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1103.112
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1054.57
  • linux-gke Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1099.105
  • linux-gke Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.8.0-1050.56

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-22111

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • kernel RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
  • rv RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
  • perf RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
  • rtla RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
  • libperf RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
  • kernel-rt RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
  • kernel-64k RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
  • kernel-core RHEL 9 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7

red hat advisories RHSA-2025:20518RHSA-2025:20095

  • kernel-coco SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • kernel-syms-coco SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • kernel-coco_debug SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • kernel-source-coco SLE Module for Confidential Computing Technical Preview 15 SP6 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1
  • dtb-aarch64 openSUSE Leap 15.6 6.4.0-150600.23.60.3
  • kernel-64kb SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 6.4.0-150600.23.60.4
  • kernel-syms SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 6.4.0-150600.23.60.4
  • kernel-obs-qa openSUSE Leap 15.6 6.4.0-150600.23.60.2

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:02923-1SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1SUSE-SU-2025:20498-1SUSE-SU-2025:20483-1SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1

  • kernel Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.121.1-1

azure linux advisories AZL-62702

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-22111 updated cvss 4.7

kernel: net: Remove RTNL dance for SIOCBRADDIF and SIOCBRDELIF.

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 kernel-rt, kernel-rt-kvm, kernel-rt-core, kernel-rt-modules, kernel-rt-debug-kvm, kernel-rt-debug-core, +12 more
    affected: no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) rv 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, perf 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, rtla 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, python3-perf 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-devel-matched 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-64k-devel-matched 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, +7 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20518
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) rv 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, perf 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, rtla 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, python3-perf 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-devel-matched 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-64k-devel-matched 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, +7 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20095
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) kernel 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-64k 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-tools 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-modules 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-64k-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, +27 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20518
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10) kernel 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-64k 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-tools 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-modules 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-64k-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, +28 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20095
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) libperf 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20518
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) libperf 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20095
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-64k 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-64k-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, +14 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20518
show 4 more
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 10) kernel-rt 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-64k 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-modules 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-64k-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-debug-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, +14 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20095
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-modules-core 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, kernel-rt-debug-modules 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20518
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 10) kernel-rt 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-modules 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-debug-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-modules-core 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, kernel-rt-debug-modules 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2025:20095
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 perf, kernel, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-firmware, kernel-bootwrapper, +1 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, python-perf, kernel-kdump, +8 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, kernel-core, kernel-tools, +29 more
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

cisa ICSA-26-295-11 updated cvss 5.5

Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518(F)-4 PN/DP MFP

  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0) >= 3.1.7 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0) >= 3.1.7 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0) >= 3.1.7 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0) >= 3.1.7 Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0) >= 3.1.7
    affected: mitigation, no fix available

Facts from CISA's republication of the vendor's own advisory (CSAF); the linked advisory is the authoritative source. CISA notification · csaf

cisa ICSA-26-209-04 updated cvss 5.5

Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518(F)-4 PN/DP MFP

  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0) >= 3.1.6 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0) >= 3.1.6 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0) >= 3.1.6 Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0) >= 3.1.6 Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0) >= 3.1.6
    affected: mitigation, no fix available

Facts from CISA's republication of the vendor's own advisory (CSAF); the linked advisory is the authoritative source. CISA notification · csaf

Exploit prediction

0.21% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 10% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
NVD 3.1 5.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Affected products

  • Linux Linux
  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP
  • Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP
  • Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP

Classification

Technology feeds

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.