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Fencer Vulns
high 7.8

CVE-2025-22023 json

usb: xhci: Don't skip on Stopped - Length Invalid

published 2025-04-16 18 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-11374

cvss
7.8
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.2%
EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 9%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

usb: xhci: Don't skip on Stopped - Length Invalid

Up until commit d56b0b2ab142 ("usb: xhci: ensure skipped isoc TDs are returned when isoc ring is stopped") in v6.11, the driver didn't skip missed isochronous TDs when handling Stoppend and Stopped - Length Invalid events. Instead, it erroneously cleared the skip flag, which would cause the ring to get stuck, as future events won't match the missed TD which is never removed from the queue until it's cancelled.

This buggy logic seems to have been in place substantially unchanged since the 3.x series over 10 years ago, which probably speaks first and foremost about relative rarity of this case in normal usage, but by the spec I see no reason why it shouldn't be possible.

After d56b0b2ab142, TDs are immediately skipped when handling those Stopped events. This poses a potential problem in case of Stopped - Length Invalid, which occurs either on completed TDs (likely already given back) or Link and No-Op TRBs. Such event won't be recognized as matching any TD (unless it's the rare Link TRB inside a TD) and will result in skipping all pending TDs, giving them back possibly before they are done, risking isoc data loss and maybe UAF by HW.

As a compromise, don't skip and don't clear the skip flag on this kind of event. Then the next event will skip missed TDs. A downside of not handling Stopped - Length Invalid on a Link inside a TD is that if the TD is cancelled, its actual length will not be updated to account for TRBs (silently) completed before the TD was stopped.

I had no luck producing this sequence of completion events so there is no compelling demonstration of any resulting disaster. It may be a very rare, obscure condition. The sole motivation for this patch is that if such unlikely event does occur, I'd rather risk reporting a cancelled partially done isoc frame as empty than gamble with UAF.

This will be fixed more properly by looking at Stopped event's TRB pointer when making skipping decisions, but such rework is unlikely to be backported to v6.12, which will stay around for a few years.

Patch / fix

  • Linux Linux 6.12.22, 6.13.10, 6.14.1, 6.15
  • linux Debian 14, Debian 13 6.12.22-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-22023

  • linux-gcp-6.11 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.11.0-1016.16~24.04.1
  • linux-hwe-6.11 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.11.0-28.28~24.04.1
  • linux-oem-6.11 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.11.0-1024.24
  • linux-azure-6.11 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.11.0-1018.18~24.04.1
  • linux-nvidia-6.11 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.11.0-1012.12
  • linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 6.11.0-1015.16~24.04.2

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-22023

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • kernel-rt Real Time Module 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1
  • kernel-syms-rt Real Time Module 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1
  • kernel-source-rt Real Time Module 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1
  • kernel-64kb SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1
  • kernel-syms SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1
  • kernel-source SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1
  • kernel-default SLE Workstation Extension 15 SP7, SLE Module for Legacy 15 SP7, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 +2 more 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1
  • kernel-zfcpdump SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:03575-1SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1SUSE-SU-2025:02254-1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-22023 updated cvss 5.5

kernel: usb: xhci: Don't skip on Stopped - Length Invalid

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 perf, kernel, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-firmware, kernel-bootwrapper, +1 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, python-perf, kernel-kdump, +8 more
    affected: no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, kernel-core, kernel-tools, +29 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 rv, perf, rtla, kernel, bpftool, libperf, +83 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 kernel
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

Exploit prediction

0.20% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 9% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
NVD 3.1 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

  • Linux Linux

Classification

Weakness
Technology feeds

References

Sources

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