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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2025-21172 json

.NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

published 2025-01-14 21 mo ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also BIT-dotnet-2025-21172 , BIT-dotnet-sdk-2025-21172 , EUVD-2025-0074 , GHSA-jjcv-wr2g-4rv4

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.8%
EPSS 1.8% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 79%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

.NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Patch / fix

  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64 8.0.12, 9.0.1
  • nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86 9.0.1
  • bitnami dotnet 8.0.1, 9.0.1
  • bitnami dotnet-sdk 8.0.101, 9.0.100
  • Microsoft .NET 8.0 8.0.12
  • Microsoft .NET 9.0 9.0.1
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 Update 3 14.0.24252.2
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 version 15.9 (includes 15.0 - 15.8) 15.9.69
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 version 16.11 (includes 16.0 - 16.10) 16.11.43
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10 17.10.10
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.12 17.12.4
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.6 17.6.22
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.8 17.8.17
  • dotnet8 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 8.0.112-8.0.12-0ubuntu1~22.04.1
  • dotnet8 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 8.0.112-8.0.12-0ubuntu1~24.04.1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-21172

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • dotnet9.0 RHEL 9 9.0.102-1.el9_5
  • dotnet-host RHEL 9 9.0.1-1.el9_5
  • dotnet-sdk-9.0 RHEL 9 9.0.102-1.el9_5
  • dotnet-hostfxr-9.0 RHEL 9 9.0.1-1.el9_5
  • dotnet-runtime-9.0 RHEL 9 9.0.1-1.el9_5
  • dotnet-sdk-aot-9.0 RHEL 9 9.0.102-1.el9_5
  • dotnet-sdk-dbg-9.0 RHEL 9 9.0.102-1.el9_5
  • dotnet-templates-9.0 RHEL 9 9.0.102-1.el9_5

red hat advisories RHSA-2025:0532RHBA-2025:0305RHBA-2025:0304RHSA-2025:0381RHSA-2025:0382

  • dotnet-sdk-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.112-1.el8_10
  • dotnet-hostfxr-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.12-1.el8_10
  • dotnet-runtime-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.12-1.el8_10
  • dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.112-1.el8_10
  • dotnet-templates-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.112-1.el8_10
  • aspnetcore-runtime-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.12-1.el8_10
  • dotnet-runtime-dbg-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.12-1.el8_10
  • dotnet-apphost-pack-8.0 AlmaLinux 8 8.0.12-1.el8_10

almalinux advisories ALSA-2025:0381ALSA-2025:0382

  • dotnet8.0 Rocky Linux 8 8.0.112-1.el8_10
  • dotnet9.0 Rocky Linux 8 9.0.102-1.el8_10

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2025:0381RLSA-2025:0382

  • dotnet8-runtime Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23, Alpine 3.22 +2 more 8.0.12-r0
  • dotnet9-runtime Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23, Alpine 3.22 +1 more 9.0.1-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-21172

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-21172 updated cvss 7.5

dotnet: .NET and Visual Studio Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 dotnet6.0, dotnet7.0, dotnet-host, dotnet-sdk-6.0, dotnet-sdk-7.0, dotnet-hostfxr-6.0, +16 more
    affected: workaround, no fix planned “Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.”
  • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts 8.0.112-1.el9_5, dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts 9.0.102-1.el9_5
    fixed: vendor fix “Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.” RHBA-2025:0304
  • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4) dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts 8.0.112-1.el9_4
    fixed: vendor fix “Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.” RHSA-2025:0532
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) dotnet 9.0.102-1.el8_10, dotnet-host 9.0.1-1.el8_10, dotnet8.0 8.0.112-1.el8_10, dotnet9.0 9.0.102-1.el8_10, dotnet-sdk-8.0 8.0.112-1.el8_10, dotnet-sdk-9.0 9.0.102-1.el8_10, +22 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.” RHSA-2025:0381
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) dotnet-host 9.0.1-1.el9_5, dotnet8.0 8.0.112-1.el9_5, dotnet9.0 9.0.102-1.el9_5, dotnet-sdk-8.0 8.0.112-1.el9_5, dotnet-sdk-9.0 9.0.102-1.el9_5, dotnet-hostfxr-9.0 9.0.1-1.el9_5, +21 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.” RHBA-2025:0304
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.4) dotnet8.0 8.0.112-1.el9_4, dotnet-host 8.0.12-1.el9_4, dotnet-sdk-8.0 8.0.112-1.el9_4, dotnet-hostfxr-8.0 8.0.12-1.el9_4, dotnet-runtime-8.0 8.0.12-1.el9_4, dotnet-sdk-dbg-8.0 8.0.112-1.el9_4, +8 more
    fixed: vendor fix “Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.” RHSA-2025:0532
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) dotnet-sdk-8.0-source-built-artifacts 8.0.112-1.el8_10, dotnet-sdk-9.0-source-built-artifacts 9.0.102-1.el8_10
    fixed: vendor fix “Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.” RHSA-2025:0381
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 dotnet8.0, dotnet9.0
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
21 mo ago

Exploit prediction

1.84% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 79% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
GitHub 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
OSV 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-arm64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-arm64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-musl-x64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.osx-arm64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.osx-x64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-arm64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-x64
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
>=8.0.0, <8.0.12
9.0.1
8.0.12
nuget Microsoft.NetCore.App.Runtime.win-x86
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
9.0.1
bitnami dotnet
>=8.0.0, <8.0.1
>=9.0.0, <9.0.1
8.0.1
9.0.1
bitnami dotnet-sdk
>=8.0.0, <8.0.101
>=9.0.0, <9.0.100
8.0.101
9.0.100

Affected products

  • Microsoft .NET 8.0
  • Microsoft .NET 9.0
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 Update 3
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 version 15.9 (includes 15.0 - 15.8)
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 version 16.11 (includes 16.0 - 16.10)
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.12
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.6
  • Microsoft Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.8

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-190 Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-122 Heap-based Buffer Overflow

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.