TOZED ZLT M30s UART on-chip debug and test interface with improper access control

published 2025-12-25 10 mo ago modified 2026-10-07 32 d ago also EUVD-2025-205381

cvss: 2.0; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.3%; EPSS 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 18%
public exploits: 0; none known

A vulnerability was determined in TOZED ZLT M30s up to 1.47. The affected element is an unknown function of the component UART Interface. Executing manipulation can lead to on-chip debug and test interface with improper access control. The physical device can be targeted for the attack. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is described as difficult. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: Proof of concept is public
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial
Assessed: 10 mo ago (2025-12-30)

Exploit prediction

0.27% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 18% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

hacklab.eu.org https://hacklab.eu.org/blogs/zlt_m30s_debug_interface referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	4.0	1.0	CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
CNA	3.1	2.0	CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
CNA	3.0	2.0	CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
CNA	2.0	1.2	AV:L/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR
CNA	4.0	0.3	CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CNA	3.1	2.0	CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
NVD	3.1	4.6	CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
CNA	2.0	1.2	AV:L/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

Affected products

TOZED ZLT M30s

Classification

Weakness

CWE-1191 On-Chip Debug and Test Interface With Improper Access Control

References

hacklab.eu.org /blogs/zlt_m30s_debug_interface
exploit, third-party-advisory
vuldb.com /?id.338411
vdb-entry, third-party-advisory
vuldb.com /?ctiid.338411
signature, permissions-required, vdb-entry
vuldb.com /?submit.707974
third-party-advisory, vdb-entry

Sources

CVE List CVE-2025-15083
NVD CVE-2025-15083

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary