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Fencer Vulns
medium 4.4

CVE-2025-12474 json

libjxl: Uninitialized memory read in decoder due to incorrect optimization in patch handling

published 2026-02-11 8 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-207023

cvss
4.4
version 3.1, NVD
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.1%
EPSS 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 1%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A specially-crafted file can cause libjxl's decoder to read pixel data from uninitialized (but allocated) memory.

This can be done by causing the decoder to reference an outside-image-bound area in a subsequent patches. An incorrect optimization causes the decoder to omit populating those areas.

Patch / fix

  • libjxl_project libjxl 0.7.3, 0.8.5, 0.9.5, 0.10.5, 0.11.2
  • jpeg-xl Debian 13 0.11.2-0.1~deb13u1
  • jpeg-xl Debian 14 0.11.2-0.1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-12474

  • libjxl SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 0.11.2-160000.1.1
  • libjxl SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 0.10.3-150700.4.6.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:20903-1SUSE-SU-2026:0648-1

  • libjxl openSUSE Tumbleweed 0.11.2-2.1
  • libjxl openSUSE Leap 16.0 0.11.2-160000.1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:10910-1openSUSE-SU-2026:20385-1

  • libjxl Alpine 3.23 0.11.2-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-12474

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-12474 updated cvss 3.1

libjxl: libjxl: Uninitialized memory read in decoder due to incorrect optimization in patch handling

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 firefox Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 firefox, thunderbird Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 firefox, firefox-x11, thunderbird Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 firefox, thunderbird
    affected: workaround, no fix available “Fix deferred”

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
8 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.11% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 1% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 2.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 4.0 2.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
NVD 3.1 4.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Affected products

  • Google libjxl

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-908 Use of Uninitialized Resource

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.