Server-Side Template Injection via Velocity Template Engine in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Remote Code Execution

published 2026-02-19 8 mo ago modified 2026-09-03 2 mo ago also EUVD-2025-207675

cvss: 8.4; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.7%; EPSS 0.7% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 52%
public exploits: 0; none known

The Velocity template engine, utilized by the affected product, accepts and processes template syntax without sufficient sanitization or validation of user-controlled input. This allows an authenticated administrator to inject arbitrary template syntax.

Successful exploitation enables an attacker with administrative privileges to execute arbitrary template code on the server. This can lead to significant security consequences, including remote code execution, manipulation of data, and unauthorized access to sensitive information.

Patch / fix

fixed in 1

WSO2 Identity Server 5.11.0.299, 6.0.0.140, 6.1.0.122

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total
Assessed: 8 mo ago (2026-02-20)

Exploit prediction

0.67% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 52% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	3.1	8.4	CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD	3.1	7.2	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected products

WSO2 Identity Server

Classification

Weakness

CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code

References

security.docs.wso2.com /en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4517/
vendor-advisory

Sources

CVE List CVE-2025-12107
NVD CVE-2025-12107

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary