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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.6

CVE-2025-1178 json

GNU Binutils ld libbfd.c bfd_putl64 memory corruption

published 2025-02-11 20 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2025-2052

cvss
5.6
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.8%
EPSS 0.8% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 56%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A vulnerability was found in GNU Binutils 2.43. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function bfd_putl64 of the file libbfd.c of the component ld. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of the patch is 75086e9de1707281172cc77f178e7949a4414ed0. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

Patch / fix

  • binutils Debian 14 2.45-3

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-1178

  • binutils Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 2.38-4ubuntu2.8
  • binutils Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 2.42-4ubuntu2.5

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-1178

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • binutils SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1
  • bpftool SLES for SAP applications 16.0, SLES 16.0 7.5.0-160000.2.3
  • binutils SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES for SAP 15 SP3 +18 more 2.45-150100.7.57.1
  • perf SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap 15.6 6.4.0.git33229.a3afe13a7f-150600.3.17.1
  • perf SLE Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 6.4.0.git54263.0aad576b1c-150700.3.2.2
  • perf SLES for SAP 15 SP3, SLES 15 SP3-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS +1 more 5.3.18-150300.38.7.1
  • perf SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS +1 more 5.14.21-150400.44.20.1
  • perf SLES for SAP 15 SP5, SLES 15 SP5-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS +1 more 5.14.21-150500.52.5.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2025:21195-1SUSE-SU-2025:21197-1SUSE-SU-2025:4096-1

  • binutils openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1
  • bpftool openSUSE Leap 16.0 7.5.0-160000.2.3
  • cross-rx-binutils openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1
  • cross-arm-binutils openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1
  • cross-avr-binutils openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1
  • cross-bpf-binutils openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1
  • cross-ppc-binutils openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1
  • cross-pru-binutils openSUSE Leap 16.0 2.45-160000.1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2025:20150-1openSUSE-SU-2025:15651-1

  • binutils CBL-Mariner 2.0 2.37-13
  • binutils Azure Linux 3.0 2.41-4
  • gdb Azure Linux 3.0 13.2-9

azure linux advisories AZL-56698AZL-56738AZL-86931

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-1178 updated cvss 5.6

binutils: GNU Binutils ld libbfd.c bfd_putl64 memory corruption

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 mingw-binutils, mingw32-binutils, mingw64-binutils, mingw-binutils-generic
    affected: workaround, no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 binutils Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 gdb, binutils, gdb-gdbserver Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 gdb, binutils, gdb-headless, gdb-gdbserver, mingw-binutils, mingw32-binutils, +9 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 gdb, binutils, gdb-minimal, gdb-headless, binutils-gold, gdb-gdbserver, +6 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 binutils, mingw-binutils, mingw32-binutils, mingw64-binutils
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
20 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.80% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 56% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • sourceware.org https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=32638 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified
  • sourceware.org https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=15914 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified
  • vuldb.com https://vuldb.com/?submit.495369 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 6.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA 3.1 5.6 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CNA 3.0 5.6 CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
CNA 2.0 5.1 AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
CNA 4.0 6.3 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected products

  • GNU Binutils

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-119 Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.