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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.7

CVE-2025-11411 json

Possible domain hijacking via promiscuous records in the authority section

published 2025-10-22 12 mo ago modified 2026-10-08 32 d ago also EUVD-2025-35360

cvss
5.7
version 4.0, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.3%
EPSS 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 26%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.24.1 is vulnerable to possible domain hijack attacks. Promiscuous NS RRSets that complement positive DNS replies in the authority section can be used to trick resolvers to update their delegation information for the zone. Usually these RRSets are used to update the resolver's knowledge of the zone's name servers. A malicious actor can exploit the possible poisonous effect by injecting NS RRSets (and possibly their respective address records) in a reply. This could be done for example by trying to spoof a packet or fragmentation attacks. Unbound would then proceed to update the NS RRSet data it already has since the new data has enough trust for it, i.e., in-zone data for the delegation point. Unbound 1.24.1 includes a fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from replies mitigating the possible poison effect. Unbound 1.24.2 includes an additional fix that scrubs unsolicited NS RRSets (and their respective address records) from YXDOMAIN and non-referral nodata replies, further mitigating the possible poison effect.

Patch / fix

  • nlnetlabs unbound 1.24.1
  • unbound Debian 12 1.17.1-2+deb12u4
  • unbound Debian 13 1.22.0-2+deb13u1
  • unbound Debian 14 1.24.2-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2025-11411

  • unbound Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 1.13.1-1ubuntu5.14
  • unbound Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 1.19.2-1ubuntu3.7
  • unbound Ubuntu 25.10 1.22.0-2ubuntu2.2
  • unbound Ubuntu 26.04 LTS 1.24.2-1ubuntu1

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2025-11411

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • unbound RHEL 9 1.24.2-2.el9
  • unbound-libs RHEL 9 1.24.2-2.el9
  • unbound-dracut RHEL 9 1.24.2-2.el9
  • python3-unbound RHEL 9 1.24.2-2.el9
  • unbound RHEL 10.2 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound-libs RHEL 10.2 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound-utils RHEL 10.2 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound-anchor RHEL 10.2 1.24.2-7.el10

red hat advisories RHSA-2026:18931RHSA-2026:18556RHSA-2026:7645

  • unbound SLES 16.0, Linux Micro 6.2, SLES for SAP applications 16.0 1.24.1-160000.1.1
  • unbound SLE Micro 5.5 1.20.0-150100.10.22.1
  • unbound Linux Micro 6.1 1.22.0-slfo.1.1_3.1
  • unbound Linux Micro 6.0 1.22.0-2.1
  • unbound SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP7, SLE Module for Package Hub 15 SP6, SLE Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 +2 more 1.20.0-150600.23.13.1

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:20180-1SUSE-SU-2026:20201-1SUSE-SU-2025:4391-1SUSE-SU-2025:21065-1SUSE-SU-2025:21050-1SUSE-SU-2025:4134-1

  • unbound openSUSE Leap 16.0 1.24.1-160000.1.1
  • unbound openSUSE Tumbleweed 1.24.1-1.1

opensuse advisories openSUSE-SU-2026:20139-1openSUSE-SU-2025:15668-1

  • unbound AlmaLinux 10 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound-libs AlmaLinux 10 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound-utils AlmaLinux 10 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound-anchor AlmaLinux 10 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound-dracut AlmaLinux 10 1.24.2-7.el10
  • python3-unbound AlmaLinux 10 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound AlmaLinux 9 1.24.2-2.el9
  • unbound-libs AlmaLinux 9 1.24.2-2.el9

almalinux advisories ALSA-2026:18556ALSA-2026:18931

  • unbound Rocky Linux 10 1.24.2-7.el10
  • unbound Rocky Linux 9 1.24.2-2.el9

rocky linux advisories RLSA-2026:18556RLSA-2026:18931

  • unbound Alpine 3.20, Alpine 3.19 1.20.0-r2
  • unbound Alpine 3.21 1.22.0-r1
  • unbound Alpine 3.22 1.23.1-r1
  • unbound Alpine 3.24, Alpine 3.23 1.24.1-r0

alpine advisories ALPINE-CVE-2025-11411

Alpine secdb © Alpine Linux, from https://secdb.alpinelinux.org via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • unbound Azure Linux 3.0 1.19.1-5
  • unbound CBL-Mariner 2.0 1.19.1-4

azure linux advisories AZL-68675AZL-68796

Azure Linux vulnerability data, Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation, from https://github.com/microsoft/AzureLinuxVulnerabilityData via OSV, under the MIT licence; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. MIT

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2025-11411 updated cvss 6.1

unbound: Unbound domain hijacking via promiscuous records

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 unbound, unbound-libs, unbound-python Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 unbound, unbound-libs, unbound-python Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 unbound, unbound-libs, python3-unbound Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8, openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9
    affected: workaround, no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) unbound 1.24.2-2.el9, unbound-libs 1.24.2-2.el9, unbound-dracut 1.24.2-2.el9, python3-unbound 1.24.2-2.el9
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:18931
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 10) unbound 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-libs 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-utils 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-anchor 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-dracut 1.24.2-7.el10, python3-unbound 1.24.2-7.el10
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:18556
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) unbound-devel 1.24.2-2.el9, unbound-debuginfo 1.24.2-2.el9, unbound-debugsource 1.24.2-2.el9, unbound-libs-debuginfo 1.24.2-2.el9, python3-unbound-debuginfo 1.24.2-2.el9
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:18931
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10) unbound-devel 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-debuginfo 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-debugsource 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-libs-debuginfo 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-utils-debuginfo 1.24.2-7.el10, unbound-anchor-debuginfo 1.24.2-7.el10, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:18556
  • Red Hat Hardened Images unbound 1.24.2-11.1.hum1, unbound-libs 1.24.2-11.1.hum1, unbound-munin 1.24.2-11.1.hum1, unbound-utils 1.24.2-11.1.hum1, unbound-anchor 1.24.2-11.1.hum1, unbound-dracut 1.24.2-11.1.hum1, +1 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2026:7645

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
12 mo ago

Exploit prediction

0.33% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 26% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 4.0 5.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:P
CNA 4.0 5.7 CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected products

  • NLnet Labs Unbound

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-349 Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.