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Fencer Vulns
critical 10.0

CVE-2024-31996 json

XWiki Commons missing escaping of `{` in Velocity escapetool allows remote code execution

published 2024-04-10 2 y ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also EUVD-2024-1213 , GHSA-hf43-47q4-fhq5

cvss
10.0
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
2.1%
EPSS 2.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 81%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform. Starting in version 3.0.1 and prior to versions 4.10.19, 15.5.4, and 15.10-rc-1, the HTML escaping of escaping tool that is used in XWiki doesn't escape `{`, which, when used in certain places, allows XWiki syntax injection and thereby remote code execution. The vulnerability has been fixed in XWiki 14.10.19, 15.5.5, and 15.9 RC1. Apart from upgrading, there is no generic workaround. However, replacing `$escapetool.html` by `$escapetool.xml` in XWiki documents fixes the vulnerability. In a standard XWiki installation, the maintainers are only aware of the document `Panels.PanelLayoutUpdate` that exposes this vulnerability, patching this document is thus a workaround. Any extension could expose this vulnerability and might thus require patching, too.

Patch / fix

  • maven org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-velocity 14.10.19, 15.5.4, 15.9-rc-1
  • xwiki commons 14.10.19, 15.5.4, 15.9-rc-1

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total
Assessed
2 y ago

Exploit prediction

2.10% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 81% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • jira.xwiki.org https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XCOMMONS-2828 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified
  • jira.xwiki.org https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-21438 referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 10.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub 3.1 10.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven org.xwiki.commons:xwiki-commons-velocity
>=3.0.1, <14.10.19
>=15.0-rc-1, <15.5.4
>=15.6-rc-1, <15.9-rc-1
14.10.19
15.5.4
15.9-rc-1

Affected products

  • xwiki xwiki-commons
  • xwiki commons

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-95 Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code
  • CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.