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Fencer Vulns
high 7.5

CVE-2024-28197 json

Account Takeover via Session Fixation in Zitadel [Bypassing MFA]

published 2024-03-11 2 y ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also EUVD-2024-0967 , GHSA-mq4x-r2w3-j7mr , GO-2024-2637

cvss
7.5
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.3%
EPSS 0.3% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 27%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

Zitadel is an open source identity management system. Zitadel uses a cookie to identify the user agent (browser) and its user sessions. Although the cookie was handled according to best practices, it was accessible on subdomains of the ZITADEL instance. An attacker could take advantage of this and provide a malicious link hosted on the subdomain to the user to gain access to the victim’s account in certain scenarios. A possible victim would need to login through the malicious link for this exploit to work. If the possible victim already had the cookie present, the attack would not succeed. The attack would further only be possible if there was an initial vulnerability on the subdomain. This could either be the attacker being able to control DNS or a XSS vulnerability in an application hosted on a subdomain. Versions 2.46.0, 2.45.1, and 2.44.3 have been patched. Zitadel recommends upgrading to the latest versions available in due course. Note that applying the patch will invalidate the current cookie and thus users will need to start a new session and existing sessions (user selection) will be empty. For self-hosted environments unable to upgrade to a patched version, prevent setting the following cookie name on subdomains of your Zitadel instance (e.g. within your WAF): `__Secure-zitadel-useragent`.

Patch / fix

  • go github.com/zitadel/zitadel 2.44.3, 2.45.1
  • zitadel zitadel 2.44.3, 2.45.1

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
2 y ago

Exploit prediction

0.34% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 27% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
GitHub 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
NVD 3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
go github.com/zitadel/zitadel
<2.44.3
>=2.45.0, <2.45.1
all versions
2.44.3
2.45.1

Affected products

  • zitadel zitadel

Classification

Weakness

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

CPEs and fixed versions use Anchore's correction of NVD's data: Added CPE configurations because not yet analyzed by NVD.