Ledger Bitcoin App 2.1.0 Address Derivation Error via Miniscript

published 2026-05-20 5 mo ago modified 2026-08-14 2 mo ago also EUVD-2023-60577

cvss: 4.0; version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev: Not listed; not in CISA's catalog
epss: 0.1%; EPSS 0.1% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 3%
public exploits: 0; none known

Ledger Bitcoin app versions 2.1.0 and 2.1.1 contain an address derivation vulnerability that allows attackers to cause incorrect Bitcoin addresses to be displayed by exploiting improper handling of miniscript policies containing the a: fragment. Attackers can craft malicious miniscript policies that cause the device to derive and display incorrect receiving addresses, potentially leading to funds being sent to unintended addresses.

Patch / fix

fixed in 1

Ledger Ledger Bitcoin app 2.1.2

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2023-7346 updated 2026-10-16

ledger: Ledger Bitcoin App 2.1.0 Address Derivation Error via Miniscript

Red Hat All currently supported Red Hat products
not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial
Assessed: 5 mo ago (2026-05-20)

Exploit prediction

0.14% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 3% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by	version	score	vector
CNA	3.1	4.0	CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
CNA	4.0	4.1	CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA	4.0	4.1	CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Affected products

Ledger Ledger Bitcoin app

Classification

Weakness

CWE-682 Incorrect Calculation

References

donjon.ledger.com /lsb/019/
vendor-advisory
vulncheck.com /advisories/ledger-bitcoin-app-address-derivation-error-via-miniscript
third-party-advisory

Sources

CVE List CVE-2023-7346
NVD CVE-2023-7346

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.

Summary