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Fencer Vulns
no cvss —

CVE-2023-54170 json

keys: Fix linking a duplicate key to a keyring's assoc_array

published 2025-12-30 10 mo ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also EUVD-2023-60471

cvss
—
not scored
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.2%
EPSS 0.2% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 10%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

keys: Fix linking a duplicate key to a keyring's assoc_array

When making a DNS query inside the kernel using dns_query(), the request code can in rare cases end up creating a duplicate index key in the assoc_array of the destination keyring. It is eventually found by a BUG_ON() check in the assoc_array implementation and results in a crash.

Example report: [2158499.700025] kernel BUG at ../lib/assoc_array.c:652! [2158499.700039] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI [2158499.700065] CPU: 3 PID: 31985 Comm: kworker/3:1 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 5.3.18-150300.59.90-default #1 SLE15-SP3 [2158499.700096] Hardware name: VMware, Inc. VMware Virtual Platform/440BX Desktop Reference Platform, BIOS 6.00 11/12/2020 [2158499.700351] Workqueue: cifsiod cifs_resolve_server [cifs] [2158499.700380] RIP: 0010:assoc_array_insert+0x85f/0xa40 [2158499.700401] Code: ff 74 2b 48 8b 3b 49 8b 45 18 4c 89 e6 48 83 e7 fe e8 95 ec 74 00 3b 45 88 7d db 85 c0 79 d4 0f 0b 0f 0b 0f 0b e8 41 f2 be ff <0f> 0b 0f 0b 81 7d 88 ff ff ff 7f 4c 89 eb 4c 8b ad 58 ff ff ff 0f [2158499.700448] RSP: 0018:ffffc0bd6187faf0 EFLAGS: 00010282 [2158499.700470] RAX: ffff9f1ea7da2fe8 RBX: ffff9f1ea7da2fc1 RCX: 0000000000000005 [2158499.700492] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000005 RDI: 0000000000000000 [2158499.700515] RBP: ffffc0bd6187fbb0 R08: ffff9f185faf1100 R09: 0000000000000000 [2158499.700538] R10: ffff9f1ea7da2cc0 R11: 000000005ed8cec8 R12: ffffc0bd6187fc28 [2158499.700561] R13: ffff9f15feb8d000 R14: ffff9f1ea7da2fc0 R15: ffff9f168dc0d740 [2158499.700585] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9f185fac0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [2158499.700610] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [2158499.700630] CR2: 00007fdd94fca238 CR3: 0000000809d8c006 CR4: 00000000003706e0 [2158499.700702] Call Trace: [2158499.700741] ? key_alloc+0x447/0x4b0 [2158499.700768] ? __key_link_begin+0x43/0xa0 [2158499.700790] __key_link_begin+0x43/0xa0 [2158499.700814] request_key_and_link+0x2c7/0x730 [2158499.700847] ? dns_resolver_read+0x20/0x20 [dns_resolver] [2158499.700873] ? key_default_cmp+0x20/0x20 [2158499.700898] request_key_tag+0x43/0xa0 [2158499.700926] dns_query+0x114/0x2ca [dns_resolver] [2158499.701127] dns_resolve_server_name_to_ip+0x194/0x310 [cifs] [2158499.701164] ? scnprintf+0x49/0x90 [2158499.701190] ? __switch_to_asm+0x40/0x70 [2158499.701211] ? __switch_to_asm+0x34/0x70 [2158499.701405] reconn_set_ipaddr_from_hostname+0x81/0x2a0 [cifs] [2158499.701603] cifs_resolve_server+0x4b/0xd0 [cifs] [2158499.701632] process_one_work+0x1f8/0x3e0 [2158499.701658] worker_thread+0x2d/0x3f0 [2158499.701682] ? process_one_work+0x3e0/0x3e0 [2158499.701703] kthread+0x10d/0x130 [2158499.701723] ? kthread_park+0xb0/0xb0 [2158499.701746] ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x40

The situation occurs as follows: * Some kernel facility invokes dns_query() to resolve a hostname, for example, "abcdef". The function registers its global DNS resolver cache as current->cred.thread_keyring and passes the query to request_key_net() -> request_key_tag() -> request_key_and_link(). * Function request_key_and_link() creates a keyring_search_context object. Its match_data.cmp method gets set via a call to type->match_preparse() (resolves to dns_resolver_match_preparse()) to dns_resolver_cmp(). * Function request_key_and_link() continues and invokes search_process_keyrings_rcu() which returns that a given key was not found. The control is then passed to request_key_and_link() -> construct_alloc_key(). * Concurrently to that, a second task similarly makes a DNS query for "abcdef." and its result gets inserted into the DNS resolver cache. * Back on the first task, function construct_alloc_key() first runs __key_link_begin() to determine an assoc_array_edit operation to insert a new key. Index keys in the array are compared exactly as-is, using keyring_compare_object(). The operation ---truncated---

Patch / fix

  • Linux Linux 5.4.253, 5.10.188, 5.15.123, 6.1.42, 6.4.7, 6.5
  • linux Debian 12 6.1.52-1
  • linux Debian 14, Debian 13 6.4.11-1

debian advisories DEBIAN-CVE-2023-54170

  • linux Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4.0-169.187
  • linux Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-88.98
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4.0-1116.126
  • linux-aws Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1049.54
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4.0-1120.129
  • linux-gcp Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1046.54
  • linux-gke Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 5.15.0-1046.51
  • linux-ibm Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 5.4.0-1063.68

ubuntu advisories UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54170

Ubuntu security data © Canonical Ltd., from https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices via OSV; changed: normalised to fixed package versions per release. CC BY-SA 4.0

  • kernel RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • perf RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • bpftool RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-core RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-tools RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • python3-perf RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-modules RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-zfcpdump RHEL 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10

red hat advisories RHSA-2024:3618RHSA-2024:2394RHSA-2023:7749

  • kernel-rt Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 6.4.0-40.1
  • kernel-source-rt Linux Micro 6.1, Linux Micro 6.0 6.4.0-40.1
  • kernel-64kb SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS 5.14.21-150400.24.194.1
  • kernel-syms SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS +1 more 5.14.21-150400.24.194.1
  • kernel-source SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS +1 more 5.14.21-150400.24.194.1
  • kernel-default SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE Micro 5.4 +5 more 5.14.21-150400.24.194.1
  • kernel-obs-build SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS +1 more 5.14.21-150400.24.194.1
  • kernel-default-base SLES for SAP 15 SP4, SLES 15 SP4-LTSS, SLE Micro 5.4 +3 more 5.14.21-150400.24.194.1.150400.24.98.3

suse advisories SUSE-SU-2026:20845-1SUSE-SU-2026:20876-1SUSE-SU-2026:0617-1SUSE-SU-2026:20477-1SUSE-SU-2026:20498-1SUSE-SU-2026:0411-1

  • kernel AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • perf AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • bpftool AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-core AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-tools AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • python3-perf AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-modules AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
  • kernel-zfcpdump AlmaLinux 8 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10

almalinux advisories ALSA-2024:3618

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2023-54170 updated cvss 5.5

kernel: keys: Fix linking a duplicate key to a keyring's assoc_array

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 perf, kernel, python-perf, kernel-kdump, kernel-firmware, kernel-bootwrapper, +1 more
    affected: no fix planned “Out of support scope”
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 kernel-rt, kernel-rt-kvm, kernel-rt-core, kernel-rt-modules, kernel-rt-debug-kvm, kernel-rt-debug-core, +6 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 kernel-rt, kernel-rt-kvm, kernel-rt-core, kernel-rt-modules, kernel-rt-debug-kvm, kernel-rt-debug-core, +12 more
    affected: no fix available “Fix deferred”
  • Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9) libperf 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3 Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) rv 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, rv 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, perf 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, perf 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, rtla 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, rtla 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, +18 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:7749
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 8) perf 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, kernel 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, bpftool 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, kernel-core 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, kernel-tools 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, python3-perf 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, +15 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:3618
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9) bpftool 7.2.0-362.13.1.el9_3, bpftool 7.3.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-64k 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-64k 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, +62 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:7749
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:3618
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 9) libperf 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4 Red Hat Enterprise Linux NFV (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-kvm 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:2394
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-modules-core 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-debug-modules 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, +4 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time for NFV (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-kvm 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-debug-kvm 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-362.13.1.el9_3, +6 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2023:7749
show 2 more
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux RT (v. 9) kernel-rt 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-core 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-modules 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-core 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-modules-core 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, kernel-rt-debug-modules 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4, +4 more
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:2394
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 perf, kernel, bpftool, kernel-rt, python-perf, kernel-kdump, +8 more Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 kernel
    not affected: vulnerable code not present

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

Exploit prediction

0.21% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 10% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Affected products

  • Linux Linux

Classification

Technology feeds

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.