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Fencer Vulns
high 8.4

CVE-2023-45303 json

ThingsBoard Server-Side Template Injection

published 2023-10-06 3 y ago modified 2026-06-17 4 mo ago also GHSA-6pgr-j9v4-xfvv , EUVD-2023-2677

cvss
8.4
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
1.0%
EPSS 1.0% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 64%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

ThingsBoard before 3.5 allows Server-Side Template Injection if users are allowed to modify an email template, because Apache FreeMarker supports freemarker.template.utility.Execute (for content sent to the /api/admin/settings endpoint).

Patch / fix

  • maven org.thingsboard:thingsboard 3.5
  • thingsboard thingsboard 3.5

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
Proof of concept is public
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total
Assessed
2 y ago

Exploit prediction

1.05% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 64% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

Exploits and checks

  • herolab.usd.de https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories/usd-2023-0010/ referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified
  • freemarker.apache.org https://freemarker.apache.org/docs/api/freemarker/template/utility/Execute.html referenced PoC, tagged "exploit" by a source, unverified

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 8.4 CVSS:3.1/AC:L/AV:N/A:H/C:H/I:H/PR:H/S:C/UI:R
CNA 3.1 8.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD 3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
GitHub 3.1 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven org.thingsboard:thingsboard
<3.5
3.5

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-74 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.