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Fencer Vulns
medium 5.0

CVE-2023-3597 json

Keycloak: secondary factor bypass in step-up authentication

published 2024-04-17 2 y ago modified 2026-09-10 1 mo ago also GHSA-4f53-xh3v-g8x4 , EUVD-2024-1090

cvss
5.0
version 3.1, CNA
cisa kev
Not listed
not in CISA's catalog
epss
0.6%
EPSS 0.6% chance of exploitation in 30 days, percentile 49%
public exploits
0
none known

Summary

A flaw was found in Keycloak, where it does not correctly validate its client step-up authentication in org.keycloak.authentication. This flaw allows a remote user authenticated with a password to register a false second authentication factor along with an existing one and bypass authentication.

Patch / fix

  • maven org.keycloak:keycloak-services 22.0.10, 24.0.3
  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 22 22-13, 22-16, 22.0.10-1

Vendor advisories

What the vendors themselves say about their products: affected, fixed or not affected, and what to do.

red hat product security vex CVE-2023-3597 updated cvss 5.0

keycloak: secondary factor bypass in step-up authentication

  • Red Hat build of Keycloak 22 rhbk/keycloak-rhel9 22-13, rhbk/keycloak-rhel9-operator 22-16, rhbk/keycloak-operator-bundle 22.0.10-1
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:1867
  • Red Hat build of Keycloak 22.0.10
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:1868
  • Red Hat RHSSO 7.6.8
    fixed: vendor fix RHSA-2024:1866

Red Hat CSAF VEX © Red Hat, Inc., from https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/; changed: reduced to product statuses and remediations. CC BY 4.0 · csaf

CISA SSVC

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial
Assessed
2 y ago

Exploit prediction

0.60% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days, higher than 49% of all scored CVEs (FIRST EPSS, 2026-11-08).

CVSS scores

assigned by version score vector
CNA 3.1 5.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
GitHub 3.1 5.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Affected packages

ecosystem package affected fixed in
maven org.keycloak:keycloak-services
<22.0.10
>=23.0.0, <24.0.3
22.0.10
24.0.3

Affected products

  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 22
  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 22.0.10
  • Red Hat RHSSO 7.6.8

Classification

Weakness
  • CWE-287 Improper Authentication
  • CWE-288 Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel

References

Sources

Fencer Vulns keeps one entry per vulnerability: the CVE id wins, then GHSA, and records that alias each other are merged, except that two CVEs always keep separate entries. The same data is available as JSON.